ZFS loves using %llu for uint64_t, but that requires a cast to not
be noisy - which is even done in many, though not all, places.
Also a couple places used %u for uint64_t, which were promoted
to %llu.
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Signed-off-by: Rich Ercolani <rincebrain@gmail.com>
Closes#12233
In all places except two spa_get_random() is used for small values,
and the consumers do not require well seeded high quality values.
Switch those two exceptions directly to random_get_pseudo_bytes()
and optimize spa_get_random(), renaming it to random_in_range(),
since it is not related to SPA or ZFS in general.
On FreeBSD directly map random_in_range() to new prng32_bounded() KPI
added in FreeBSD 13. On Linux and in user-space just reduce the type
used to uint32_t to avoid more expensive 64bit division.
Reviewed-by: Ryan Moeller <ryan@iXsystems.com>
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Signed-off-by: Alexander Motin <mav@FreeBSD.org>
Sponsored-By: iXsystems, Inc.
Closes#12183
If TX_WRITE is create on a file, and the file is later deleted and a new
directory is created on the same object id, it is possible that when
zil_commit happens, zfs_get_data will be called on the new directory.
This may result in panic as it tries to do range lock.
This patch fixes this issue by record the generation number during
zfs_log_write, so zfs_get_data can check if the object is valid.
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Signed-off-by: Chunwei Chen <david.chen@nutanix.com>
Closes#10593Closes#11682
The `abd_get_offset_*()` routines create an abd_t that references
another abd_t, and doesn't allocate any pages/buffers of its own. In
some workloads, these routines may be called frequently, to create many
abd_t's representing small pieces of a single large abd_t. In
particular, the upcoming RAIDZ Expansion project makes heavy use of
these routines.
This commit adds the ability for the caller to allocate and provide the
abd_t struct to a variant of `abd_get_offset_*()`. This eliminates the
cost of allocating the abd_t and performing the accounting associated
with it (`abdstat_struct_size`). The RAIDZ/DRAID code uses this for
the `rc_abd`, which references the zio's abd. The upcoming RAIDZ
Expansion project will leverage this infrastructure to increase
performance of reads post-expansion by around 50%.
Additionally, some of the interfaces around creating and destroying
abd_t's are cleaned up. Most significantly, the distinction between
`abd_put()` and `abd_free()` is eliminated; all types of abd_t's are
now disposed of with `abd_free()`.
Reviewed-by: Brian Atkinson <batkinson@lanl.gov>
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Signed-off-by: Matthew Ahrens <mahrens@delphix.com>
Issue #8853Closes#11439
Code cleanup, a follow up commit to 4d55ea81.
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Reviewed-by: Ryan Moeller <ryan@iXsystems.com>
Co-authored-by: Ryan Moeller <ryan@freqlabs.com>
Signed-off-by: Christian Schwarz <me@cschwarz.com>
Closes#11020
Mark functions used only in the same translation unit as static. This
only includes functions that do not have a prototype in a header file
either.
Reviewed-by: Ryan Moeller <ryan@iXsystems.com>
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Signed-off-by: Arvind Sankar <nivedita@alum.mit.edu>
Closes#10470
On Illumos callers of cv_timedwait and cv_timedwait_hires
can't distinguish between whether or not the cv was signaled
or the call timed out. Illumos handles this (for some definition
of handles) by calling cv_signal in the return path if we were
signaled but the return value indicates instead that we timed
out. This would make sense if it were possible to query the the
cv for its net signal disposition. However, this isn't possible
and, in spite of the fact that there are places in the code that
clearly take a different and incompatible path if a timeout value
is indicated, this distinction appears to be rather subtle to most
developers. This problem is further compounded by the fact that on
Linux, calling cv_signal in the return path wouldn't even do the
right thing unless there are other waiters.
Since it is possible for the caller to independently determine how
much time is remaining but it is not possible to query if the cv
was in fact signaled, prioritizing signalling over timeout seems
like a cleaner solution. In addition, judging from usage patterns
within the code itself, it is also less error prone.
Reviewed-by: Jorgen Lundman <lundman@lundman.net>
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Reviewed-by: Alexander Motin <mav@FreeBSD.org>
Signed-off-by: Matt Macy <mmacy@FreeBSD.org>
Closes#10471
On macOS clock_t is unsigned, so when cv_timedwait_hires() returns -1
we loop forever. The conditional was tweaked to ignore signedness.
Reviewed-by: Matthew Ahrens <mahrens@delphix.com>
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Signed-off-by: Jorgen Lundman <lundman@lundman.net>
Closes#10445
Before my ZIL space optimization few years ago 128KB writes were logged
as two 64KB+ records in two 128KB log blocks. After that change it
became ~127KB+/1KB+ in two 128KB log blocks to free space in the second
block for another record. Unfortunately in case of 128KB only writes,
when space in the second block remained unused, that change increased
write latency by unbalancing checksum computation and write times
between parallel threads. It also didn't help with SLOG space
efficiency in that case.
This change introduces new 68KB log block size, used for both writes
below 67KB and 128KB-sharp writes. Writes of 68-127KB are still using
one 128KB block to not increase processing overhead. Writes above
131KB are still using full 128KB blocks, since possible saving there
is small. Mixed loads will likely also fall back to previous 128KB,
since code uses maximum of the last 16 requested block sizes.
Reviewed-by: Matt Ahrens <matt@delphix.com>
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Signed-off-by: Alexander Motin <mav@FreeBSD.org>
Closes#9409
This change modifies some of the infrastructure for enabling the use of
the DTRACE_PROBE* macros, such that we can use tehm in the "spl" module.
Currently, when the DTRACE_PROBE* macros are used, they get expanded to
create new functions, and these dynamically generated functions become
part of the "zfs" module.
Since the "spl" module does not depend on the "zfs" module, the use of
DTRACE_PROBE* in the "spl" module would result in undefined symbols
being used in the "spl" module. Specifically, DTRACE_PROBE* would turn
into a function call, and the function being called would be a symbol
only contained in the "zfs" module; which results in a linker and/or
runtime error.
Thus, this change adds the necessary logic to the "spl" module, to
mirror the tracing functionality available to the "zfs" module. After
this change, we'll have a "trace_zfs.h" header file which defines the
probes available only to the "zfs" module, and a "trace_spl.h" header
file which defines the probes available only to the "spl" module.
Reviewed by: Brad Lewis <brad.lewis@delphix.com>
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Signed-off-by: Prakash Surya <prakash.surya@delphix.com>
Closes#9525
FreeBSD's zvol platform code requires access to the
zil_async_to_sync() function.
Reviewed-by: Ryan Moeller <ryan@ixsystems.com>
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Signed-off-by: Matt Macy <mmacy@FreeBSD.org>
Closes#9440
This patch implements a new tree structure for ZFS, and uses it to
store range trees more efficiently.
The new structure is approximately a B-tree, though there are some
small differences from the usual characterizations. The tree has core
nodes and leaf nodes; each contain data elements, which the elements
in the core nodes acting as separators between its children. The
difference between core and leaf nodes is that the core nodes have an
array of children, while leaf nodes don't. Every node in the tree may
be only partially full; in most cases, they are all at least 50% full
(in terms of element count) except for the root node, which can be
less full. Underfull nodes will steal from their neighbors or merge to
remain full enough, while overfull nodes will split in two. The data
elements are contained in tree-controlled buffers; they are copied
into these on insertion, and overwritten on deletion. This means that
the elements are not independently allocated, which reduces overhead,
but also means they can't be shared between trees (and also that
pointers to them are only valid until a side-effectful tree operation
occurs). The overhead varies based on how dense the tree is, but is
usually on the order of about 50% of the element size; the per-node
overheads are very small, and so don't make a significant difference.
The trees can accept arbitrary records; they accept a size and a
comparator to allow them to be used for a variety of purposes.
The new trees replace the AVL trees used in the range trees today.
Currently, the range_seg_t structure contains three 8 byte integers
of payload and two 24 byte avl_tree_node_ts to handle its storage in
both an offset-sorted tree and a size-sorted tree (total size: 64
bytes). In the new model, the range seg structures are usually two 4
byte integers, but a separate one needs to exist for the size-sorted
and offset-sorted tree. Between the raw size, the 50% overhead, and
the double storage, the new btrees are expected to use 8*1.5*2 = 24
bytes per record, or 33.3% as much memory as the AVL trees (this is
for the purposes of storing metaslab range trees; for other purposes,
like scrubs, they use ~50% as much memory).
We reduced the size of the payload in the range segments by teaching
range trees about starting offsets and shifts; since metaslabs have a
fixed starting offset, and they all operate in terms of disk sectors,
we can store the ranges using 4-byte integers as long as the size of
the metaslab divided by the sector size is less than 2^32. For 512-byte
sectors, this is a 2^41 (or 2TB) metaslab, which with the default
settings corresponds to a 256PB disk. 4k sector disks can handle
metaslabs up to 2^46 bytes, or 2^63 byte disks. Since we do not
anticipate disks of this size in the near future, there should be
almost no cases where metaslabs need 64-byte integers to store their
ranges. We do still have the capability to store 64-byte integer ranges
to account for cases where we are storing per-vdev (or per-dnode) trees,
which could reasonably go above the limits discussed. We also do not
store fill information in the compact version of the node, since it
is only used for sorted scrub.
We also optimized the metaslab loading process in various other ways
to offset some inefficiencies in the btree model. While individual
operations (find, insert, remove_from) are faster for the btree than
they are for the avl tree, remove usually requires a find operation,
while in the AVL tree model the element itself suffices. Some clever
changes actually caused an overall speedup in metaslab loading; we use
approximately 40% less cpu to load metaslabs in our tests on Illumos.
Another memory and performance optimization was achieved by changing
what is stored in the size-sorted trees. When a disk is heavily
fragmented, the df algorithm used by default in ZFS will almost always
find a number of small regions in its initial cursor-based search; it
will usually only fall back to the size-sorted tree to find larger
regions. If we increase the size of the cursor-based search slightly,
and don't store segments that are smaller than a tunable size floor
in the size-sorted tree, we can further cut memory usage down to
below 20% of what the AVL trees store. This also results in further
reductions in CPU time spent loading metaslabs.
The 16KiB size floor was chosen because it results in substantial memory
usage reduction while not usually resulting in situations where we can't
find an appropriate chunk with the cursor and are forced to use an
oversized chunk from the size-sorted tree. In addition, even if we do
have to use an oversized chunk from the size-sorted tree, the chunk
would be too small to use for ZIL allocations, so it isn't as big of a
loss as it might otherwise be. And often, more small allocations will
follow the initial one, and the cursor search will now find the
remainder of the chunk we didn't use all of and use it for subsequent
allocations. Practical testing has shown little or no change in
fragmentation as a result of this change.
If the size-sorted tree becomes empty while the offset sorted one still
has entries, it will load all the entries from the offset sorted tree
and disregard the size floor until it is unloaded again. This operation
occurs rarely with the default setting, only on incredibly thoroughly
fragmented pools.
There are some other small changes to zdb to teach it to handle btrees,
but nothing major.
Reviewed-by: George Wilson <gwilson@delphix.com>
Reviewed-by: Matt Ahrens <matt@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Sebastien Roy seb@delphix.com
Reviewed-by: Igor Kozhukhov <igor@dilos.org>
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Signed-off-by: Paul Dagnelie <pcd@delphix.com>
Closes#9181
Move Linux specific tracing headers and source to platform directories
and update the build system.
Reviewed-by: Allan Jude <allanjude@freebsd.org>
Reviewed-by: Ryan Moeller <ryan@ixsystems.com>
Reviewed by: Brad Lewis <brad.lewis@delphix.com>
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Signed-off-by: Matt Macy <mmacy@FreeBSD.org>
Closes#9290
Adds ZFS_MODULE_PARAM to abstract module parameter
setting to operating systems other than Linux.
Reviewed-by: Jorgen Lundman <lundman@lundman.net>
Reviewed-by: Igor Kozhukhov <igor@dilos.org>
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Signed-off-by: Matt Macy <mmacy@FreeBSD.org>
Signed-off-by: Ryan Moeller <ryan@ixsystems.com>
Closes#9230
Reviewed-by: Matt Ahrens <matt@delphix.com>
Reviewed-by: Ryan Moeller <ryan@ixsystems.com>
Reviewed-by: Richard Laager <rlaager@wiktel.com>
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Signed-off-by: Andrea Gelmini <andrea.gelmini@gelma.net>
Closes#9240
We should only call zil_remove_async when an object is removed. However,
in current implementation, it is called whenever TX_REMOVE is called. In
the case of hardlinked file, every unlink will generate TX_REMOVE and
causing operations to be dropped even when the object is not removed.
We fix this by only calling zil_remove_async when the file is fully
unlinked.
Reviewed-by: George Wilson <gwilson@delphix.com>
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Reviewed-by: Prakash Surya <prakash.surya@delphix.com>
Signed-off-by: Chunwei Chen <david.chen@nutanix.com>
Closes#8769Closes#9061
We've observed that on some highly fragmented pools, most metaslab
allocations are small (~2-8KB), but there are some large, 128K
allocations. The large allocations are for ZIL blocks. If there is a
lot of fragmentation, the large allocations can be hard to satisfy.
The most common impact of this is that we need to check (and thus load)
lots of metaslabs from the ZIL allocation code path, causing sync writes
to wait for metaslabs to load, which can take a second or more. In the
worst case, we may not be able to satisfy the allocation, in which case
the ZIL will resort to txg_wait_synced() to ensure the change is on
disk.
To provide a workaround for this, this change adds a tunable that can
reduce the size of ZIL blocks.
External-issue: DLPX-61719
Reviewed-by: George Wilson <george.wilson@delphix.com>
Reviewed-by: Paul Dagnelie <pcd@delphix.com>
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Signed-off-by: Matthew Ahrens <mahrens@delphix.com>
Closes#8865
Reviewed-by: George Melikov <mail@gmelikov.ru>
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Signed-off-by: Richard Laager <rlaager@wiktel.com>
Closes#8626
There are several places where we use zfs_dbgmsg and %p to
print pointers. In the Linux kernel, these values obfuscated
to prevent information leaks which means the pointers aren't
very useful for debugging crash dumps. We decided to restrict
the permissions of dbgmsg (and some other kstats while we were
at it) and print pointers with %px in zfs_dbgmsg as well as
spl_dumpstack
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Reviewed-by: John Gallagher <john.gallagher@delphix.com>
Signed-off-by: sara hartse <sara.hartse@delphix.com>
Closes#8467Closes#8476
As a result of the changes made in 8585, it's possible for an excessive
amount of vdev flush commands to be issued under some workloads.
Specifically, when the workload consists of mostly async write activity,
interspersed with some sync write and/or fsync activity, we can end up
issuing more flush commands to the underlying storage than is actually
necessary. As a result of these flush commands, the write latency and
overall throughput of the pool can be poorly impacted (latency
increases, throughput decreases).
Currently, any time an lwb completes, the vdev(s) written to as a result
of that lwb will be issued a flush command. The intenion is so the data
written to that vdev is on stable storage, prior to communicating to any
waiting threads that their data is safe on disk.
The problem with this scheme, is that sometimes an lwb will not have any
threads waiting for it to complete. This can occur when there's async
activity that gets "converted" to sync requests, as a result of calling
the zil_async_to_sync() function via zil_commit_impl(). When this
occurs, the current code may issue many lwbs that don't have waiters
associated with them, resulting in many flush commands, potentially to
the same vdev(s).
For example, given a pool with a single vdev, and a single fsync() call
that results in 10 lwbs being written out (e.g. due to other async
writes), that will result in 10 flush commands to that single vdev (a
flush issued after each lwb write completes). Ideally, we'd only issue a
single flush command to that vdev, after all 10 lwb writes completed.
Further, and most important as it pertains to this change, since the
flush commands are often very impactful to the performance of the pool's
underlying storage, unnecessarily issuing these flush commands can
poorly impact the performance of the lwb writes themselves. Thus, we
need to avoid issuing flush commands when possible, in order to acheive
the best possible performance out of the pool's underlying storage.
This change attempts to address this problem by changing the ZIL's logic
to only issue a vdev flush command when it detects an lwb that has a
thread waiting for it to complete. When an lwb does not have threads
waiting for it, the responsibility of issuing the flush command to the
vdevs involved with that lwb's write is passed on to the "next" lwb.
It's only once a write for an lwb with waiters completes, do we issue
the vdev flush command(s). As a result, now when we issue the flush(s),
we will issue them to the vdevs involved with that specific lwb's write,
but potentially also to vdevs involved with "previous" lwb writes (i.e.
if the previous lwbs did not have waiters associated with them).
Thus, in our prior example with 10 lwbs, it's only once the last lwb
completes (which will be the lwb containing the waiter for the thread
that called fsync) will we issue the vdev flush command; all of the
other lwbs will find they have no waiters, so they'll pass the
responsibility of the flush to the "next" lwb (until reaching the last
lwb that has the waiter).
Porting Notes:
* Reconciled conflicts with the fastwrite feature.
Authored by: Prakash Surya <prakash.surya@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Matt Ahrens <matt@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Brad Lewis <brad.lewis@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Patrick Mooney <patrick.mooney@joyent.com>
Reviewed by: Jerry Jelinek <jerry.jelinek@joyent.com>
Approved by: Joshua M. Clulow <josh@sysmgr.org>
Ported-by: Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
OpenZFS-issue: https://www.illumos.org/issues/9962
OpenZFS-commit: https://github.com/openzfs/openzfs/commit/545190c6Closes#8188
Porting Notes:
* Add options to zfs-module-parameters(5) man page.
* zfs_nocacheflush move to vdev.c instead of vdev_disk.c, since
the latter doesn't get built for user space.
Authored by: Prakash Surya <prakash.surya@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Matt Ahrens <matt@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Brad Lewis <brad.lewis@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Patrick Mooney <patrick.mooney@joyent.com>
Reviewed by: Tom Caputi <tcaputi@datto.com>
Reviewed by: George Melikov <mail@gmelikov.ru>
Approved by: Dan McDonald <danmcd@joyent.com>
Ported-by: Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
OpenZFS-issue: https://www.illumos.org/issues/9963
OpenZFS-commit: https://github.com/openzfs/openzfs/commit/f8fdf68125Closes#8186
This patch corrects an ASSERT in zil_create() that will only be
true if the call to zio_alloc_zil() does not fail.
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Reviewed-by: Serapheim Dimitropoulos <serapheim.dimitro@delphix.com>
Reviewed-by: Matthew Ahrens <mahrens@delphix.com>
Signed-off-by: Tom Caputi <tcaputi@datto.com>
Closes#8010
Since native ZFS encryption was merged, we have been fighting
against a series of bugs that come down to the same problem: Key
mappings (which must be present during all I/O operations) are
created and destroyed based on dataset ownership, but I/Os can
have traditionally been allowed to "leak" into the next txg after
the dataset is disowned.
In the past we have attempted to solve this problem by trying to
ensure that datasets are disowned ater all I/O is finished by
calling txg_wait_synced(), but we have repeatedly found edge cases
that need to be squashed and code paths that might incur a high
number of txg syncs. This patch attempts to resolve this issue
differently, by adding a reference to the key mapping for each txg
it is dirtied in. By doing so, we can remove many of the
unnecessary calls to txg_wait_synced() we have added in the past
and ensure we don't need to deal with this problem in the future.
Reviewed-by: Jorgen Lundman <lundman@lundman.net>
Reviewed by: Matthew Ahrens <mahrens@delphix.com>
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Signed-off-by: Tom Caputi <tcaputi@datto.com>
Closes#7949
Overview
========
We parallelize the allocation process by creating the concept of
"allocators". There are a certain number of allocators per metaslab
group, defined by the value of a tunable at pool open time. Each
allocator for a given metaslab group has up to 2 active metaslabs; one
"primary", and one "secondary". The primary and secondary weight mean
the same thing they did in in the pre-allocator world; primary metaslabs
are used for most allocations, secondary metaslabs are used for ditto
blocks being allocated in the same metaslab group. There is also the
CLAIM weight, which has been separated out from the other weights, but
that is less important to understanding the patch. The active metaslabs
for each allocator are moved from their normal place in the metaslab
tree for the group to the back of the tree. This way, they will not be
selected for use by other allocators searching for new metaslabs unless
all the passive metaslabs are unsuitable for allocations. If that does
happen, the allocators will "steal" from each other to ensure that IOs
don't fail until there is truly no space left to perform allocations.
In addition, the alloc queue for each metaslab group has been broken
into a separate queue for each allocator. We don't want to dramatically
increase the number of inflight IOs on low-end systems, because it can
significantly increase txg times. On the other hand, we want to ensure
that there are enough IOs for each allocator to allow for good
coalescing before sending the IOs to the disk. As a result, we take a
compromise path; each allocator's alloc queue max depth starts at a
certain value for every txg. Every time an IO completes, we increase the
max depth. This should hopefully provide a good balance between the two
failure modes, while not dramatically increasing complexity.
We also parallelize the spa_alloc_tree and spa_alloc_lock, which cause
very similar contention when selecting IOs to allocate. This
parallelization uses the same allocator scheme as metaslab selection.
Performance Results
===================
Performance improvements from this change can vary significantly based
on the number of CPUs in the system, whether or not the system has a
NUMA architecture, the speed of the drives, the values for the various
tunables, and the workload being performed. For an fio async sequential
write workload on a 24 core NUMA system with 256 GB of RAM and 8 128 GB
SSDs, there is a roughly 25% performance improvement.
Future Work
===========
Analysis of the performance of the system with this patch applied shows
that a significant new bottleneck is the vdev disk queues, which also
need to be parallelized. Prototyping of this change has occurred, and
there was a performance improvement, but more work needs to be done
before its stability has been verified and it is ready to be upstreamed.
Authored by: Paul Dagnelie <pcd@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Matthew Ahrens <mahrens@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: George Wilson <george.wilson@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Serapheim Dimitropoulos <serapheim.dimitro@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Alexander Motin <mav@FreeBSD.org>
Reviewed by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Approved by: Gordon Ross <gwr@nexenta.com>
Ported-by: Paul Dagnelie <pcd@delphix.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul Dagnelie <pcd@delphix.com>
Porting Notes:
* Fix reservation test failures by increasing tolerance.
OpenZFS-issue: https://illumos.org/issues/9112
OpenZFS-commit: https://github.com/openzfs/openzfs/commit/3f3cc3c3Closes#7682
Problem
=======
Illumos bug 8373 was integrated, which now presents a code path where
"dmu_tx_assign" can fail. When "dmu_tx_assign" fails, it will not issue
the lwb that was passed in to "zil_lwb_write_issue". As a result, when
"zil_lwb_write_issue" returns, the lwb will still be in the "opened"
state, just as it was when "zil_lwb_write_issue" was originally called.
Solution
========
As a result of this new call path, the failed assertion needs to be
modified to be aware of this new possibility. Thus, we can only assert
that the lwb is no longer in the "opened" state if the returned lwb is
non-null, since we cannot differentiate between the case of
"dmu_tx_assign" failing or "zio_alloc_zil" failing within the call to
"zil_lwb_write_issue".
Authored by: Prakash Surya <prakash.surya@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Matt Ahrens <matt@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Serapheim Dimitropoulos <serapheim.dimitro@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Prakash Surya <prakash.surya@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: George Melikov <mail@gmelikov.ru>
Ported-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Approved by: Matt Ahrens <mahrens@delphix.com>
OpenZFS-issue: https://www.illumos.org/issues/9456
OpenZFS-commit: https://github.com/openzfs/openzfs/commit/a8b09f4eCloses#7695
Details about the motivation of this feature and its usage can
be found in this blogpost:
https://sdimitro.github.io/post/zpool-checkpoint/
A lightning talk of this feature can be found here:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fPQA8K40jAM
Implementation details can be found in big block comment of
spa_checkpoint.c
Side-changes that are relevant to this commit but not explained
elsewhere:
* renames members of "struct metaslab trees to be shorter without
losing meaning
* space_map_{alloc,truncate}() accept a block size as a
parameter. The reason is that in the current state all space
maps that we allocate through the DMU use a global tunable
(space_map_blksz) which defauls to 4KB. This is ok for metaslab
space maps in terms of bandwirdth since they are scattered all
over the disk. But for other space maps this default is probably
not what we want. Examples are device removal's vdev_obsolete_sm
or vdev_chedkpoint_sm from this review. Both of these have a
1:1 relationship with each vdev and could benefit from a bigger
block size.
Porting notes:
* The part of dsl_scan_sync() which handles async destroys has
been moved into the new dsl_process_async_destroys() function.
* Remove "VERIFY(!(flags & FWRITE))" in "kernel.c" so zhack can write
to block device backed pools.
* ZTS:
* Fix get_txg() in zpool_sync_001_pos due to "checkpoint_txg".
* Don't use large dd block sizes on /dev/urandom under Linux in
checkpoint_capacity.
* Adopt Delphix-OS's setting of 4 (spa_asize_inflation =
SPA_DVAS_PER_BP + 1) for the checkpoint_capacity test to speed
its attempts to fill the pool
* Create the base and nested pools with sync=disabled to speed up
the "setup" phase.
* Clear labels in test pool between checkpoint tests to avoid
duplicate pool issues.
* The import_rewind_device_replaced test has been marked as "known
to fail" for the reasons listed in its DISCLAIMER.
* New module parameters:
zfs_spa_discard_memory_limit,
zfs_remove_max_bytes_pause (not documented - debugging only)
vdev_max_ms_count (formerly metaslabs_per_vdev)
vdev_min_ms_count
Authored by: Serapheim Dimitropoulos <serapheim.dimitro@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Matthew Ahrens <mahrens@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: John Kennedy <john.kennedy@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Dan Kimmel <dan.kimmel@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Approved by: Richard Lowe <richlowe@richlowe.net>
Ported-by: Tim Chase <tim@chase2k.com>
Signed-off-by: Tim Chase <tim@chase2k.com>
OpenZFS-issue: https://illumos.org/issues/9166
OpenZFS-commit: https://github.com/openzfs/openzfs/commit/7159fdb8Closes#7570
In the case where the pool is loaded without the crypto
keys necessary to playback the intent log, and log device
removal is attempted, a generic busy message is received.
Change the message to inform the user that the datasets
must be mounted.
Reviewed-by: Tony Hutter <hutter2@llnl.gov>
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Reviewed-by: Tom Caputi <tcaputi@datto.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul Zuchowski <pzuchowski@datto.com>
Closes#7518
Minimal changes required to integrate the SPL sources in to the
ZFS repository build infrastructure and packaging.
Build system and packaging:
* Renamed SPL_* autoconf m4 macros to ZFS_*.
* Removed redundant SPL_* autoconf m4 macros.
* Updated the RPM spec files to remove SPL package dependency.
* The zfs package obsoletes the spl package, and the zfs-kmod
package obsoletes the spl-kmod package.
* The zfs-kmod-devel* packages were updated to add compatibility
symlinks under /usr/src/spl-x.y.z until all dependent packages
can be updated. They will be removed in a future release.
* Updated copy-builtin script for in-kernel builds.
* Updated DKMS package to include the spl.ko.
* Updated stale AUTHORS file to include all contributors.
* Updated stale COPYRIGHT and included the SPL as an exception.
* Renamed README.markdown to README.md
* Renamed OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE to LICENSE.
* Renamed DISCLAIMER to NOTICE.
Required code changes:
* Removed redundant HAVE_SPL macro.
* Removed _BOOT from nvpairs since it doesn't apply for Linux.
* Initial header cleanup (removal of empty headers, refactoring).
* Remove SPL repository clone/build from zimport.sh.
* Use of DEFINE_RATELIMIT_STATE and DEFINE_SPINLOCK removed due
to build issues when forcing C99 compilation.
* Replaced legacy ACCESS_ONCE with READ_ONCE.
* Include needed headers for `current` and `EXPORT_SYMBOL`.
Reviewed-by: Tony Hutter <hutter2@llnl.gov>
Reviewed-by: Olaf Faaland <faaland1@llnl.gov>
Reviewed-by: Matthew Ahrens <mahrens@delphix.com>
Reviewed-by: Pavel Zakharov <pavel.zakharov@delphix.com>
Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
TEST_ZIMPORT_SKIP="yes"
Closes#7556
OpenZFS 7614 - zfs device evacuation/removal
OpenZFS 9064 - remove_mirror should wait for device removal to complete
This project allows top-level vdevs to be removed from the storage pool
with "zpool remove", reducing the total amount of storage in the pool.
This operation copies all allocated regions of the device to be removed
onto other devices, recording the mapping from old to new location.
After the removal is complete, read and free operations to the removed
(now "indirect") vdev must be remapped and performed at the new location
on disk. The indirect mapping table is kept in memory whenever the pool
is loaded, so there is minimal performance overhead when doing operations
on the indirect vdev.
The size of the in-memory mapping table will be reduced when its entries
become "obsolete" because they are no longer used by any block pointers
in the pool. An entry becomes obsolete when all the blocks that use
it are freed. An entry can also become obsolete when all the snapshots
that reference it are deleted, and the block pointers that reference it
have been "remapped" in all filesystems/zvols (and clones). Whenever an
indirect block is written, all the block pointers in it will be "remapped"
to their new (concrete) locations if possible. This process can be
accelerated by using the "zfs remap" command to proactively rewrite all
indirect blocks that reference indirect (removed) vdevs.
Note that when a device is removed, we do not verify the checksum of
the data that is copied. This makes the process much faster, but if it
were used on redundant vdevs (i.e. mirror or raidz vdevs), it would be
possible to copy the wrong data, when we have the correct data on e.g.
the other side of the mirror.
At the moment, only mirrors and simple top-level vdevs can be removed
and no removal is allowed if any of the top-level vdevs are raidz.
Porting Notes:
* Avoid zero-sized kmem_alloc() in vdev_compact_children().
The device evacuation code adds a dependency that
vdev_compact_children() be able to properly empty the vdev_child
array by setting it to NULL and zeroing vdev_children. Under Linux,
kmem_alloc() and related functions return a sentinel pointer rather
than NULL for zero-sized allocations.
* Remove comment regarding "mpt" driver where zfs_remove_max_segment
is initialized to SPA_MAXBLOCKSIZE.
Change zfs_condense_indirect_commit_entry_delay_ticks to
zfs_condense_indirect_commit_entry_delay_ms for consistency with
most other tunables in which delays are specified in ms.
* ZTS changes:
Use set_tunable rather than mdb
Use zpool sync as appropriate
Use sync_pool instead of sync
Kill jobs during test_removal_with_operation to allow unmount/export
Don't add non-disk names such as "mirror" or "raidz" to $DISKS
Use $TEST_BASE_DIR instead of /tmp
Increase HZ from 100 to 1000 which is more common on Linux
removal_multiple_indirection.ksh
Reduce iterations in order to not time out on the code
coverage builders.
removal_resume_export:
Functionally, the test case is correct but there exists a race
where the kernel thread hasn't been fully started yet and is
not visible. Wait for up to 1 second for the removal thread
to be started before giving up on it. Also, increase the
amount of data copied in order that the removal not finish
before the export has a chance to fail.
* MMP compatibility, the concept of concrete versus non-concrete devices
has slightly changed the semantics of vdev_writeable(). Update
mmp_random_leaf_impl() accordingly.
* Updated dbuf_remap() to handle the org.zfsonlinux:large_dnode pool
feature which is not supported by OpenZFS.
* Added support for new vdev removal tracepoints.
* Test cases removal_with_zdb and removal_condense_export have been
intentionally disabled. When run manually they pass as intended,
but when running in the automated test environment they produce
unreliable results on the latest Fedora release.
They may work better once the upstream pool import refectoring is
merged into ZoL at which point they will be re-enabled.
Authored by: Matthew Ahrens <mahrens@delphix.com>
Reviewed-by: Alex Reece <alex@delphix.com>
Reviewed-by: George Wilson <george.wilson@delphix.com>
Reviewed-by: John Kennedy <john.kennedy@delphix.com>
Reviewed-by: Prakash Surya <prakash.surya@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Richard Laager <rlaager@wiktel.com>
Reviewed by: Tim Chase <tim@chase2k.com>
Reviewed by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Approved by: Garrett D'Amore <garrett@damore.org>
Ported-by: Tim Chase <tim@chase2k.com>
Signed-off-by: Tim Chase <tim@chase2k.com>
OpenZFS-issue: https://www.illumos.org/issues/7614
OpenZFS-commit: https://github.com/openzfs/openzfs/commit/f539f1ebCloses#6900
In zil_lwb_commit() with TX_WRITE, we copy the log write record (lrw)
into the log write block (lwb) and send it off using zil_lwb_add_txg().
If we also have WR_NEED_COPY, we additionally copy the lwr's data into
the lwb to be sent off. If the lwr + data doesn't fit into the lwb, we
send the lrw and as much data as will fit (dnow bytes), then go back
and do the same with the remaining data.
Each time through this loop we're sending dnow data bytes. I.e.
zil_itx_needcopy_bytes should be incremented by dnow.
Reviewed-by: Richard Elling <Richard.Elling@RichardElling.com>
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Signed-off-by: Chris Dunlop <chris@onthe.net.au>
Closes#6988Closes#7176
Currently, os_next_write_raw is a single boolean used for determining
whether or not the next call to dmu_objset_sync() should write out
the objset_phys_t as a raw buffer. Since the boolean is not associated
with a txg, the work simply happens during the next txg, which is not
necessarily the correct one. In the current implementation this issue
was misdiagnosed, resulting in a small hack in dmu_objset_sync() which
seemed to resolve the problem.
This patch changes os_next_write_raw to be an array of booleans, one
for each txg in TXG_OFF and removes the hack.
Reviewed-by: Jorgen Lundman <lundman@lundman.net>
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Reviewed by: Matthew Ahrens <mahrens@delphix.com>
Signed-off-by: Tom Caputi <tcaputi@datto.com>
Closes#6864
When performing zil_claim() at pool import time, it is
important that encrypted datasets set os_next_write_raw
before writing to the zil_header_t. This prevents the code
from attempting to re-authenticate the objset_phys_t when
it writes it out, which is unnecessary because the
zil_header_t is not protected by either objset MAC and
impossible since the keys aren't loaded yet. Unfortunately,
one of the code paths did not set this flag, which causes
failed ASSERTs during 'zpool import -F'. This patch corrects
this issue.
Reviewed-by: Jorgen Lundman <lundman@lundman.net>
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Reviewed by: Matthew Ahrens <mahrens@delphix.com>
Signed-off-by: Tom Caputi <tcaputi@datto.com>
Closes#6864Closes#6916
PROBLEM
=======
When `dmu_tx_assign` is called from `zil_lwb_write_issue`, it's possible
for either `ERESTART` or `EIO` to be returned.
If `ERESTART` is returned, this will cause an assertion to fail directly
in `zil_lwb_write_issue`, where the code assumes the return value is
`EIO` if `dmu_tx_assign` returns a non-zero value. This can occur if the
SPA is suspended when `dmu_tx_assign` is called, and most often occurs
when running `zloop`.
If `EIO` is returned, this can cause assertions to fail elsewhere in the
ZIL code. For example, `zil_commit_waiter_timeout` contains the
following logic:
lwb_t *nlwb = zil_lwb_write_issue(zilog, lwb);
ASSERT3S(lwb->lwb_state, !=, LWB_STATE_OPENED);
In this case, if `dmu_tx_assign` returned `EIO` from within
`zil_lwb_write_issue`, the `lwb` variable passed in will not be issued
to disk. Thus, it's `lwb_state` field will remain `LWB_STATE_OPENED` and
this assertion will fail. `zil_commit_waiter_timeout` assumes that after
it calls `zil_lwb_write_issue`, the `lwb` will be issued to disk, and
doesn't handle the case where this is not true; i.e. it doesn't handle
the case where `dmu_tx_assign` returns `EIO`.
SOLUTION
========
This change modifies the `dmu_tx_assign` function such that `txg_how` is
a bitmask, rather than of the `txg_how_t` enum type. Now, the previous
`TXG_WAITED` semantics can be used via `TXG_NOTHROTTLE`, along with
specifying either `TXG_NOWAIT` or `TXG_WAIT` semantics.
Previously, when `TXG_WAITED` was specified, `TXG_NOWAIT` semantics was
automatically invoked. This was not ideal when using `TXG_WAITED` within
`zil_lwb_write_issued`, leading the problem described above. Rather, we
want to achieve the semantics of `TXG_WAIT`, while also preventing the
`tx` from being penalized via the dirty delay throttling.
With this change, `zil_lwb_write_issued` can acheive the semtantics that
it requires by passing in the value `TXG_WAIT | TXG_NOTHROTTLE` to
`dmu_tx_assign`.
Further, consumers of `dmu_tx_assign` wishing to achieve the old
`TXG_WAITED` semantics can pass in the value `TXG_NOWAIT | TXG_NOTHROTTLE`.
Authored by: Prakash Surya <prakash.surya@delphix.com>
Approved by: Robert Mustacchi <rm@joyent.com>
Reviewed by: Matt Ahrens <mahrens@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Andriy Gapon <avg@FreeBSD.org>
Ported-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Porting Notes:
- Additionally updated `zfs_tmpfile` to use `TXG_NOTHROTTLE`
OpenZFS-issue: https://www.illumos.org/issues/8997
OpenZFS-commit: https://github.com/openzfs/openzfs/commit/19ea6cb0f9Closes#7084
Authored by: Prakash Surya <prakash.surya@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: John Kennedy <jwk404@gmail.com>
Reviewed by: Matthew Ahrens <mahrens@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: George Wilson <george.wilson@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Brad Lewis <brad.lewis@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Igor Kozhukhov <igor@dilos.org>
Reviewed by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Approved by: Robert Mustacchi <rm@joyent.com>
Ported-by: Prakash Surya <prakash.surya@delphix.com>
PROBLEM
=======
There's a race condition that exists if `zil_free_lwb` races with either
`zil_commit_waiter_timeout` and/or `zil_lwb_flush_vdevs_done`.
Here's an example panic due to this bug:
> ::status
debugging crash dump vmcore.0 (64-bit) from ip-10-110-205-40
operating system: 5.11 dlpx-5.2.2.0_2017-12-04-17-28-32b6ba51fb (i86pc)
image uuid: 4af0edfb-e58e-6ed8-cafc-d3e9167c7513
panic message:
BAD TRAP: type=e (#pf Page fault) rp=ffffff0010555970 addr=60 occurred in module "zfs" due to a NULL pointer dereference
dump content: kernel pages only
> $c
zio_shrink+0x12()
zil_lwb_write_issue+0x30d(ffffff03dcd15cc0, ffffff03e0730e20)
zil_commit_waiter_timeout+0xa2(ffffff03dcd15cc0, ffffff03d97ffcf8)
zil_commit_waiter+0xf3(ffffff03dcd15cc0, ffffff03d97ffcf8)
zil_commit+0x80(ffffff03dcd15cc0, 9a9)
zfs_write+0xc34(ffffff03dc38b140, ffffff0010555e60, 40, ffffff03e00fb758, 0)
fop_write+0x5b(ffffff03dc38b140, ffffff0010555e60, 40, ffffff03e00fb758, 0)
write+0x250(42, fffffd7ff4832000, 2000)
sys_syscall+0x177()
If there's an outstanding lwb that's in `zil_commit_waiter_timeout`
waiting to timeout, waiting on it's waiter's CV, we must be sure not to
call `zil_free_lwb`. If we end up calling `zil_free_lwb`, then that LWB
may be freed and can result in a use-after-free situation where the
stale lwb pointer stored in the `zil_commit_waiter_t` structure of the
thread waiting on the waiter's CV is used.
A similar situation can occur if an lwb is issued to disk, and thus in
the `LWB_STATE_ISSUED` state, and `zil_free_lwb` is called while the
disk is servicing that lwb. In this situation, the lwb will be freed by
`zil_free_lwb`, which will result in a use-after-free situation when the
lwb's zio completes, and `zil_lwb_flush_vdevs_done` is called.
This race condition is prevented in `zil_close` by calling `zil_commit`
before `zil_free_lwb` is called, which will ensure all outstanding (i.e.
all lwb's in the `LWB_STATE_OPEN` and/or `LWB_STATE_ISSUED` states)
reach the `LWB_STATE_DONE` state before the lwb's are freed
(`zil_commit` will not return untill all the lwb's are
`LWB_STATE_DONE`).
Further, this race condition is prevented in `zil_sync` by only calling
`zil_free_lwb` for lwb's that do not have their `lwb_buf` pointer set.
All lwb's not in the `LWB_STATE_DONE` state will have a non-null value
for this pointer; the pointer is only cleared in
`zil_lwb_flush_vdevs_done`, at which point the lwb's state will be
changed to `LWB_STATE_DONE`.
This race *is* present in `zil_suspend`, leading to this bug.
At first glance, it would appear as though this would not be true
because `zil_suspend` will call `zil_commit`, just like `zil_close`, but
the problem is that `zil_suspend` will set the zilog's `zl_suspend`
field prior to calling `zil_commit`. Further, in `zil_commit`, if
`zl_suspend` is set, `zil_commit` will take a special branch of logic
and use `txg_wait_synced` instead of performing the normal `zil_commit`
logic.
This call to `txg_wait_synced` might be good enough for the data to
reach disk safely before it returns, but it does not ensure that all
outstanding lwb's reach the `LWB_STATE_DONE` state before it returns.
This is because, if there's an lwb "stuck" in
`zil_commit_waiter_timeout`, waiting for it's lwb to timeout, it will
maintain a non-null value for it's `lwb_buf` field and thus `zil_sync`
will not free that lwb. Thus, even though the lwb's data is already on
disk, the lwb will be left lingering, waiting on the CV, and will
eventually timeout and be issued to disk even though the write is
unnecessary.
So, after `zil_commit` is called from `zil_suspend`, we incorrectly
assume that there are not outstanding lwb's, and proceed to free all
lwb's found on the zilog's lwb list. As a result, we free the lwb that
will later be used `zil_commit_waiter_timeout`.
SOLUTION
========
The solution to this, is to ensure all outstanding lwb's complete before
calling `zil_free_lwb` via `zil_destroy` in `zil_suspend`. This patch
accomplishes this goal by forcing the normal `zil_commit` logic when
called from `zil_sync`.
Now, `zil_suspend` will call `zil_commit_impl` which will always use the
normal logic of waiting/issuing lwb's to disk before it returns. As a
result, any lwb's outstanding when `zil_commit_impl` is called will be
guaranteed to reach the `LWB_STATE_DONE` state by the time it returns.
Further, no new lwb's will be created via `zil_commit` since the zilog's
`zl_suspend` flag will be set. This will force all new callers of
`zil_commit` to use `txg_wait_synced` instead of creating and issuing
new lwb's.
Thus, all lwb's left on the zilog's lwb list when `zil_destroy` is
called will be in the `LWB_STATE_DONE` state, and we'll avoid this race
condition.
OpenZFS-issue: https://www.illumos.org/issues/8909
OpenZFS-commit: https://github.com/openzfs/openzfs/commit/ece62b6f8dCloses#6940
This is a purely cosmetic change. The zilog's "zl_writer_lock" field is
being renamed to "zl_issuer_lock" to try and make the code easier to
understand; no other changes are made.
Authored by: Prakash Surya <prakash.surya@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: C Fraire <cfraire@me.com>
Approved by: Dan McDonald <danmcd@joyent.com>
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Ported-by: Giuseppe Di Natale <dinatale2@llnl.gov>
OpenZFS-issue: https://www.illumos.org/issues/8603
OpenZFS-commit: https://github.com/openzfs/openzfs/commit/2daf06546bCloses#6927
Authored by: Prakash Surya <prakash.surya@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Brad Lewis <brad.lewis@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Matt Ahrens <mahrens@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: George Wilson <george.wilson@delphix.com>
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Approved by: Dan McDonald <danmcd@joyent.com>
Ported-by: Prakash Surya <prakash.surya@delphix.com>
Problem
=======
The current implementation of zil_commit() can introduce significant
latency, beyond what is inherent due to the latency of the underlying
storage. The additional latency comes from two main problems:
1. When there's outstanding ZIL blocks being written (i.e. there's
already a "writer thread" in progress), then any new calls to
zil_commit() will block waiting for the currently oustanding ZIL
blocks to complete. The blocks written for each "writer thread" is
coined a "batch", and there can only ever be a single "batch" being
written at a time. When a batch is being written, any new ZIL
transactions will have to wait for the next batch to be written,
which won't occur until the current batch finishes.
As a result, the underlying storage may not be used as efficiently
as possible. While "new" threads enter zil_commit() and are blocked
waiting for the next batch, it's possible that the underlying
storage isn't fully utilized by the current batch of ZIL blocks. In
that case, it'd be better to allow these new threads to generate
(and issue) a new ZIL block, such that it could be serviced by the
underlying storage concurrently with the other ZIL blocks that are
being serviced.
2. Any call to zil_commit() must wait for all ZIL blocks in its "batch"
to complete, prior to zil_commit() returning. The size of any given
batch is proportional to the number of ZIL transaction in the queue
at the time that the batch starts processing the queue; which
doesn't occur until the previous batch completes. Thus, if there's a
lot of transactions in the queue, the batch could be composed of
many ZIL blocks, and each call to zil_commit() will have to wait for
all of these writes to complete (even if the thread calling
zil_commit() only cared about one of the transactions in the batch).
To further complicate the situation, these two issues result in the
following side effect:
3. If a given batch takes longer to complete than normal, this results
in larger batch sizes, which then take longer to complete and
further drive up the latency of zil_commit(). This can occur for a
number of reasons, including (but not limited to): transient changes
in the workload, and storage latency irregularites.
Solution
========
The solution attempted by this change has the following goals:
1. no on-disk changes; maintain current on-disk format.
2. modify the "batch size" to be equal to the "ZIL block size".
3. allow new batches to be generated and issued to disk, while there's
already batches being serviced by the disk.
4. allow zil_commit() to wait for as few ZIL blocks as possible.
5. use as few ZIL blocks as possible, for the same amount of ZIL
transactions, without introducing significant latency to any
individual ZIL transaction. i.e. use fewer, but larger, ZIL blocks.
In theory, with these goals met, the new allgorithm will allow the
following improvements:
1. new ZIL blocks can be generated and issued, while there's already
oustanding ZIL blocks being serviced by the storage.
2. the latency of zil_commit() should be proportional to the underlying
storage latency, rather than the incoming synchronous workload.
Porting Notes
=============
Due to the changes made in commit 119a394ab0, the lifetime of an itx
structure differs than in OpenZFS. Specifically, the itx structure is
kept around until the data associated with the itx is considered to be
safe on disk; this is so that the itx's callback can be called after the
data is committed to stable storage. Since OpenZFS doesn't have this itx
callback mechanism, it's able to destroy the itx structure immediately
after the itx is committed to an lwb (before the lwb is written to
disk).
To support this difference, and to ensure the itx's callbacks can still
be called after the itx's data is on disk, a few changes had to be made:
* A list of itxs was added to the lwb structure. This list contains
all of the itxs that have been committed to the lwb, such that the
callbacks for these itxs can be called from zil_lwb_flush_vdevs_done(),
after the data for the itxs is committed to disk.
* A list of itxs was added on the stack of the zil_process_commit_list()
function; the "nolwb_itxs" list. In some circumstances, an itx may
not be committed to an lwb (e.g. if allocating the "next" ZIL block
on disk fails), so this list is used to keep track of which itxs
fall into this state, such that their callbacks can be called after
the ZIL's writer pipeline is "stalled".
* The logic to actually call the itx's callback was moved into the
zil_itx_destroy() function. Since all consumers of zil_itx_destroy()
were effectively performing the same logic (i.e. if callback is
non-null, call the callback), it seemed like useful code cleanup to
consolidate this logic into a single function.
Additionally, the existing Linux tracepoint infrastructure dealing with
the ZIL's probes and structures had to be updated to reflect these code
changes. Specifically:
* The "zil__cw1" and "zil__cw2" probes were removed, so they had to be
removed from "trace_zil.h" as well.
* Some of the zilog structure's fields were removed, which affected
the tracepoint definitions of the structure.
* New tracepoints had to be added for the following 3 new probes:
* zil__process__commit__itx
* zil__process__normal__itx
* zil__commit__io__error
OpenZFS-issue: https://www.illumos.org/issues/8585
OpenZFS-commit: https://github.com/openzfs/openzfs/commit/5d95a3aCloses#6566
Using zio_data_buf_alloc() to allocate the itx's may be unsafe
because the itx->itx_lr.lrc_reclen field is not constant from
allocation to free. Using a different itx->itx_lr.lrc_reclen
size in zio_data_buf_free() can result in the allocation being
returned to the wrong kmem cache.
This issue can be avoided entirely by storing the allocation size
in itx->itx_size and using that for zio_data_buf_free().
Reviewed by: Prakash Surya <prakash.surya@delphix.com>
Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Closes#6912
With PR 5756 the zfs module now supports c99 and the
remaining past c89 workarounds can be undone.
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Reviewed-by: George Melikov <mail@gmelikov.ru>
Signed-off-by: Don Brady <don.brady@delphix.com>
Closes#6816
Fix compiler warnings in zdb. With these changes, FreeBSD can compile
zdb with all compiler warnings enabled save -Wunused-parameter.
usr/src/cmd/zdb/zdb.c
usr/src/cmd/zdb/zdb_il.c
usr/src/uts/common/fs/zfs/sys/sa.h
usr/src/uts/common/fs/zfs/sys/spa.h
Fix numerous warnings, including:
* const-correctness
* shadowing global definitions
* signed vs unsigned comparisons
* missing prototypes, or missing static declarations
* unused variables and functions
* Unreadable array initializations
* Missing struct initializers
usr/src/cmd/zdb/zdb.h
Add a header file to declare common symbols
usr/src/lib/libzpool/common/sys/zfs_context.h
usr/src/uts/common/fs/zfs/arc.c
usr/src/uts/common/fs/zfs/dbuf.c
usr/src/uts/common/fs/zfs/spa.c
usr/src/uts/common/fs/zfs/txg.c
Add a function prototype for zk_thread_create, and ensure that every
callback supplied to this function actually matches the prototype.
usr/src/cmd/ztest/ztest.c
usr/src/uts/common/fs/zfs/sys/zil.h
usr/src/uts/common/fs/zfs/zfs_replay.c
usr/src/uts/common/fs/zfs/zvol.c
Add a function prototype for zil_replay_func_t, and ensure that
every function of this type actually matches the prototype.
usr/src/uts/common/fs/zfs/sys/refcount.h
Change FTAG so it discards any constness of __func__, necessary
since existing APIs expect it passed as void *.
Porting Notes:
- Many of these fixes have already been applied to Linux. For
consistency the OpenZFS version of a change was applied if the
warning was addressed in an equivalent but different fashion.
Reviewed by: Matthew Ahrens <mahrens@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Prakash Surya <prakash.surya@delphix.com>
Authored by: Alan Somers <asomers@gmail.com>
Approved by: Richard Lowe <richlowe@richlowe.net>
Ported-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
OpenZFS-issue: https://www.illumos.org/issues/8081
OpenZFS-commit: https://github.com/openzfs/openzfs/commit/843abe1b8aCloses#6787
8558 lwp_create() returns EAGAIN on system with more than 80K ZFS filesystems
On a system with more than 80K ZFS filesystems, we've seen cases
where lwp_create() will start to fail by returning EAGAIN. The
problem being, for each of those 80K ZFS filesystems, a taskq will
be created for each dataset as part of the ZIL for each dataset.
Porting Notes:
- The new nomem taskq kstat was dropped.
- Added module options and documentation for new tunings
zfs_zil_clean_taskq_nthr_pct, zfs_zil_clean_taskq_minalloc,
zfs_zil_clean_taskq_maxalloc, and zfs_sync_taskq_batch_pct.
Reviewed by: George Wilson <george.wilson@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Sebastien Roy <sebastien.roy@delphix.com>
Approved by: Robert Mustacchi <rm@joyent.com>
Authored by: Prakash Surya <prakash.surya@delphix.com>
Reviewed-by: George Melikov <mail@gmelikov.ru>
Reviewed-by: Chris Dunlop <chris@onthe.net.au>
Ported-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
OpenZFS-issue: https://www.illumos.org/issues/8558
OpenZFS-commit: https://github.com/openzfs/openzfs/commit/216d772
8602 remove unused "dp_early_sync_tasks" field from "dsl_pool" structure
Reviewed by: Serapheim Dimitropoulos <serapheim@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Matthew Ahrens <mahrens@delphix.com>
Approved by: Robert Mustacchi <rm@joyent.com>
Authored by: Prakash Surya <prakash.surya@delphix.com>
Reviewed-by: George Melikov <mail@gmelikov.ru>
Reviewed-by: Chris Dunlop <chris@onthe.net.au>
Ported-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
OpenZFS-issue: https://www.illumos.org/issues/8602
OpenZFS-commit: https://github.com/openzfs/openzfs/commit/2bcb545Closes#6779
* PBKDF2 implementation changed to OpenSSL implementation.
* HKDF implementation moved to its own file and tests
added to ensure correctness.
* Removed libzfs's now unnecessary dependency on libzpool
and libicp.
* Ztest can now create and test encrypted datasets. This is
currently disabled until issue #6526 is resolved, but
otherwise functions as advertised.
* Several small bug fixes discovered after enabling ztest
to run on encrypted datasets.
* Fixed coverity defects added by the encryption patch.
* Updated man pages for encrypted send / receive behavior.
* Fixed a bug where encrypted datasets could receive
DRR_WRITE_EMBEDDED records.
* Minor code cleanups / consolidation.
Signed-off-by: Tom Caputi <tcaputi@datto.com>
This change incorporates three major pieces:
The first change is a keystore that manages wrapping
and encryption keys for encrypted datasets. These
commands mostly involve manipulating the new
DSL Crypto Key ZAP Objects that live in the MOS. Each
encrypted dataset has its own DSL Crypto Key that is
protected with a user's key. This level of indirection
allows users to change their keys without re-encrypting
their entire datasets. The change implements the new
subcommands "zfs load-key", "zfs unload-key" and
"zfs change-key" which allow the user to manage their
encryption keys and settings. In addition, several new
flags and properties have been added to allow dataset
creation and to make mounting and unmounting more
convenient.
The second piece of this patch provides the ability to
encrypt, decyrpt, and authenticate protected datasets.
Each object set maintains a Merkel tree of Message
Authentication Codes that protect the lower layers,
similarly to how checksums are maintained. This part
impacts the zio layer, which handles the actual
encryption and generation of MACs, as well as the ARC
and DMU, which need to be able to handle encrypted
buffers and protected data.
The last addition is the ability to do raw, encrypted
sends and receives. The idea here is to send raw
encrypted and compressed data and receive it exactly
as is on a backup system. This means that the dataset
on the receiving system is protected using the same
user key that is in use on the sending side. By doing
so, datasets can be efficiently backed up to an
untrusted system without fear of data being
compromised.
Reviewed by: Matthew Ahrens <mahrens@delphix.com>
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Reviewed-by: Jorgen Lundman <lundman@lundman.net>
Signed-off-by: Tom Caputi <tcaputi@datto.com>
Closes#494Closes#5769
- After some ZIL changes 6 years ago zil_slog_limit got partially broken
due to zl_itx_list_sz not updated when async itx'es upgraded to sync.
Actually because of other changes about that time zl_itx_list_sz is not
really required to implement the functionality, so this patch removes
some unneeded broken code and variables.
- Original idea of zil_slog_limit was to reduce chance of SLOG abuse by
single heavy logger, that increased latency for other (more latency critical)
loggers, by pushing heavy log out into the main pool instead of SLOG. Beside
huge latency increase for heavy writers, this implementation caused double
write of all data, since the log records were explicitly prepared for SLOG.
Since we now have I/O scheduler, I've found it can be much more efficient
to reduce priority of heavy logger SLOG writes from ZIO_PRIORITY_SYNC_WRITE
to ZIO_PRIORITY_ASYNC_WRITE, while still leave them on SLOG.
- Existing ZIL implementation had problem with space efficiency when it
has to write large chunks of data into log blocks of limited size. In some
cases efficiency stopped to almost as low as 50%. In case of ZIL stored on
spinning rust, that also reduced log write speed in half, since head had to
uselessly fly over allocated but not written areas. This change improves
the situation by offloading problematic operations from z*_log_write() to
zil_lwb_commit(), which knows real situation of log blocks allocation and
can split large requests into pieces much more efficiently. Also as side
effect it removes one of two data copy operations done by ZIL code WR_COPIED
case.
- While there, untangle and unify code of z*_log_write() functions.
Also zfs_log_write() alike to zvol_log_write() can now handle writes crossing
block boundary, that may also improve efficiency if ZPL is made to do that.
Sponsored by: iXsystems, Inc.
Authored by: Alexander Motin <mav@FreeBSD.org>
Reviewed by: Matthew Ahrens <mahrens@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Prakash Surya <prakash.surya@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Andriy Gapon <avg@FreeBSD.org>
Reviewed by: Steven Hartland <steven.hartland@multiplay.co.uk>
Reviewed by: Brad Lewis <brad.lewis@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Richard Elling <Richard.Elling@RichardElling.com>
Approved by: Robert Mustacchi <rm@joyent.com>
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Reviewed-by: Richard Yao <ryao@gentoo.org>
Ported-by: Giuseppe Di Natale <dinatale2@llnl.gov>
OpenZFS-issue: https://www.illumos.org/issues/7578
OpenZFS-commit: https://github.com/openzfs/openzfs/commit/aeb13acCloses#6191
Authored by: Matthew Ahrens <mahrens@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Serapheim Dimitropoulos <serapheim@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Pavel Zakharov <pavel.zakharov@delphix.com>
Approved by: Robert Mustacchi <rm@joyent.com>
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Ported-by: George Melikov <mail@gmelikov.ru>
A standard practice in ZFS is to keep track of "per-txg" state. Any of
the 3 active TXG's (open, quiescing, syncing) can have different values
for this state. We should assert that we do not attempt to modify other
(inactive) TXG's.
Porting Notes:
- ASSERTV added to txg_sync_waiting() for unused variable.
OpenZFS-issue: https://www.illumos.org/issues/8063
OpenZFS-commit: https://github.com/openzfs/openzfs/commit/01acb46Closes#6109
Reviewed-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov
Reviewed-by: Giuseppe Di Natale <dinatale2@llnl.gov>>
Reviewed-by: George Melikov <mail@gmelikov.ru>
Reviewed-by: Haakan T Johansson <f96hajo@chalmers.se>
Closes#5547Closes#5543
Enable picky cstyle checks and resolve the new warnings. The vast
majority of the changes needed were to handle minor issues with
whitespace formatting. This patch contains no functional changes.
Non-whitespace changes are as follows:
* 8 times ; to { } in for/while loop
* fix missing ; in cmd/zed/agents/zfs_diagnosis.c
* comment (confim -> confirm)
* change endline , to ; in cmd/zpool/zpool_main.c
* a number of /* BEGIN CSTYLED */ /* END CSTYLED */ blocks
* /* CSTYLED */ markers
* change == 0 to !
* ulong to unsigned long in module/zfs/dsl_scan.c
* rearrangement of module_param lines in module/zfs/metaslab.c
* add { } block around statement after for_each_online_node
Reviewed-by: Giuseppe Di Natale <dinatale2@llnl.gov>
Reviewed-by: Håkan Johansson <f96hajo@chalmers.se>
Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Closes#5465
Authored by: George Wilson <george.wilson@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Prakash Surya <prakash.surya@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Dan Kimmel <dan.kimmel@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Matt Ahrens <mahrens@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Paul Dagnelie <pcd@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Tom Caputi <tcaputi@datto.com>
Reviewed by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Ported by: David Quigley <david.quigley@intel.com>
This review covers the reading and writing of compressed arc headers, sharing
data between the arc_hdr_t and the arc_buf_t, and the implementation of a new
dbuf cache to keep frequently access data uncompressed.
I've added a new member to l1 arc hdr called b_pdata. The b_pdata always hangs
off the arc_buf_hdr_t (if an L1 hdr is in use) and points to the physical block
for that DVA. The physical block may or may not be compressed. If compressed
arc is enabled and the block on-disk is compressed, then the b_pdata will match
the block on-disk and remain compressed in memory. If the block on disk is not
compressed, then neither will the b_pdata. Lastly, if compressed arc is
disabled, then b_pdata will always be an uncompressed version of the on-disk
block.
Typically the arc will cache only the arc_buf_hdr_t and will aggressively evict
any arc_buf_t's that are no longer referenced. This means that the arc will
primarily have compressed blocks as the arc_buf_t's are considered overhead and
are always uncompressed. When a consumer reads a block we first look to see if
the arc_buf_hdr_t is cached. If the hdr is cached then we allocate a new
arc_buf_t and decompress the b_pdata contents into the arc_buf_t's b_data. If
the hdr already has a arc_buf_t, then we will allocate an additional arc_buf_t
and bcopy the uncompressed contents from the first arc_buf_t to the new one.
Writing to the compressed arc requires that we first discard the b_pdata since
the physical block is about to be rewritten. The new data contents will be
passed in via an arc_buf_t (uncompressed) and during the I/O pipeline stages we
will copy the physical block contents to a newly allocated b_pdata.
When an l2arc is inuse it will also take advantage of the b_pdata. Now the
l2arc will always write the contents of b_pdata to the l2arc. This means that
when compressed arc is enabled that the l2arc blocks are identical to those
stored in the main data pool. This provides a significant advantage since we
can leverage the bp's checksum when reading from the l2arc to determine if the
contents are valid. If the compressed arc is disabled, then we must first
transform the read block to look like the physical block in the main data pool
before comparing the checksum and determining it's valid.
OpenZFS-issue: https://www.illumos.org/issues/6950
OpenZFS-commit: https://github.com/openzfs/openzfs/commit/7fc10f0
Issue #5078
perf: 2.75x faster ddt_entry_compare()
First 256bits of ddt_key_t is a block checksum, which are expected
to be close to random data. Hence, on average, comparison only needs to
look at first few bytes of the keys. To reduce number of conditional
jump instructions, the result is computed as: sign(memcmp(k1, k2)).
Sign of an integer 'a' can be obtained as: `(0 < a) - (a < 0)` := {-1, 0, 1} ,
which is computed efficiently. Synthetic performance evaluation of
original and new algorithm over 1G random keys on 2.6GHz Intel(R) Xeon(R)
CPU E5-2660 v3:
old 6.85789 s
new 2.49089 s
perf: 2.8x faster vdev_queue_offset_compare() and vdev_queue_timestamp_compare()
Compute the result directly instead of using conditionals
perf: zfs_range_compare()
Speedup between 1.1x - 2.5x, depending on compiler version and
optimization level.
perf: spa_error_entry_compare()
`bcmp()` is not suitable for comparator use. Use `memcmp()` instead.
perf: 2.8x faster metaslab_compare() and metaslab_rangesize_compare()
perf: 2.8x faster zil_bp_compare()
perf: 2.8x faster mze_compare()
perf: faster dbuf_compare()
perf: faster compares in spa_misc
perf: 2.8x faster layout_hash_compare()
perf: 2.8x faster space_reftree_compare()
perf: libzfs: faster avl tree comparators
perf: guid_compare()
perf: dsl_deadlist_compare()
perf: perm_set_compare()
perf: 2x faster range_tree_seg_compare()
perf: faster unique_compare()
perf: faster vdev_cache _compare()
perf: faster vdev_uberblock_compare()
perf: faster fuid _compare()
perf: faster zfs_znode_hold_compare()
Signed-off-by: Gvozden Neskovic <neskovic@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Richard Elling <richard.elling@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Closes#5033
Justification
-------------
This feature adds support for variable length dnodes. Our motivation is
to eliminate the overhead associated with using spill blocks. Spill
blocks are used to store system attribute data (i.e. file metadata) that
does not fit in the dnode's bonus buffer. By allowing a larger bonus
buffer area the use of a spill block can be avoided. Spill blocks
potentially incur an additional read I/O for every dnode in a dnode
block. As a worst case example, reading 32 dnodes from a 16k dnode block
and all of the spill blocks could issue 33 separate reads. Now suppose
those dnodes have size 1024 and therefore don't need spill blocks. Then
the worst case number of blocks read is reduced to from 33 to two--one
per dnode block. In practice spill blocks may tend to be co-located on
disk with the dnode blocks so the reduction in I/O would not be this
drastic. In a badly fragmented pool, however, the improvement could be
significant.
ZFS-on-Linux systems that make heavy use of extended attributes would
benefit from this feature. In particular, ZFS-on-Linux supports the
xattr=sa dataset property which allows file extended attribute data
to be stored in the dnode bonus buffer as an alternative to the
traditional directory-based format. Workloads such as SELinux and the
Lustre distributed filesystem often store enough xattr data to force
spill bocks when xattr=sa is in effect. Large dnodes may therefore
provide a performance benefit to such systems.
Other use cases that may benefit from this feature include files with
large ACLs and symbolic links with long target names. Furthermore,
this feature may be desirable on other platforms in case future
applications or features are developed that could make use of a
larger bonus buffer area.
Implementation
--------------
The size of a dnode may be a multiple of 512 bytes up to the size of
a dnode block (currently 16384 bytes). A dn_extra_slots field was
added to the current on-disk dnode_phys_t structure to describe the
size of the physical dnode on disk. The 8 bits for this field were
taken from the zero filled dn_pad2 field. The field represents how
many "extra" dnode_phys_t slots a dnode consumes in its dnode block.
This convention results in a value of 0 for 512 byte dnodes which
preserves on-disk format compatibility with older software.
Similarly, the in-memory dnode_t structure has a new dn_num_slots field
to represent the total number of dnode_phys_t slots consumed on disk.
Thus dn->dn_num_slots is 1 greater than the corresponding
dnp->dn_extra_slots. This difference in convention was adopted
because, unlike on-disk structures, backward compatibility is not a
concern for in-memory objects, so we used a more natural way to
represent size for a dnode_t.
The default size for newly created dnodes is determined by the value of
a new "dnodesize" dataset property. By default the property is set to
"legacy" which is compatible with older software. Setting the property
to "auto" will allow the filesystem to choose the most suitable dnode
size. Currently this just sets the default dnode size to 1k, but future
code improvements could dynamically choose a size based on observed
workload patterns. Dnodes of varying sizes can coexist within the same
dataset and even within the same dnode block. For example, to enable
automatically-sized dnodes, run
# zfs set dnodesize=auto tank/fish
The user can also specify literal values for the dnodesize property.
These are currently limited to powers of two from 1k to 16k. The
power-of-2 limitation is only for simplicity of the user interface.
Internally the implementation can handle any multiple of 512 up to 16k,
and consumers of the DMU API can specify any legal dnode value.
The size of a new dnode is determined at object allocation time and
stored as a new field in the znode in-memory structure. New DMU
interfaces are added to allow the consumer to specify the dnode size
that a newly allocated object should use. Existing interfaces are
unchanged to avoid having to update every call site and to preserve
compatibility with external consumers such as Lustre. The new
interfaces names are given below. The versions of these functions that
don't take a dnodesize parameter now just call the _dnsize() versions
with a dnodesize of 0, which means use the legacy dnode size.
New DMU interfaces:
dmu_object_alloc_dnsize()
dmu_object_claim_dnsize()
dmu_object_reclaim_dnsize()
New ZAP interfaces:
zap_create_dnsize()
zap_create_norm_dnsize()
zap_create_flags_dnsize()
zap_create_claim_norm_dnsize()
zap_create_link_dnsize()
The constant DN_MAX_BONUSLEN is renamed to DN_OLD_MAX_BONUSLEN. The
spa_maxdnodesize() function should be used to determine the maximum
bonus length for a pool.
These are a few noteworthy changes to key functions:
* The prototype for dnode_hold_impl() now takes a "slots" parameter.
When the DNODE_MUST_BE_FREE flag is set, this parameter is used to
ensure the hole at the specified object offset is large enough to
hold the dnode being created. The slots parameter is also used
to ensure a dnode does not span multiple dnode blocks. In both of
these cases, if a failure occurs, ENOSPC is returned. Keep in mind,
these failure cases are only possible when using DNODE_MUST_BE_FREE.
If the DNODE_MUST_BE_ALLOCATED flag is set, "slots" must be 0.
dnode_hold_impl() will check if the requested dnode is already
consumed as an extra dnode slot by an large dnode, in which case
it returns ENOENT.
* The function dmu_object_alloc() advances to the next dnode block
if dnode_hold_impl() returns an error for a requested object.
This is because the beginning of the next dnode block is the only
location it can safely assume to either be a hole or a valid
starting point for a dnode.
* dnode_next_offset_level() and other functions that iterate
through dnode blocks may no longer use a simple array indexing
scheme. These now use the current dnode's dn_num_slots field to
advance to the next dnode in the block. This is to ensure we
properly skip the current dnode's bonus area and don't interpret it
as a valid dnode.
zdb
---
The zdb command was updated to display a dnode's size under the
"dnsize" column when the object is dumped.
For ZIL create log records, zdb will now display the slot count for
the object.
ztest
-----
Ztest chooses a random dnodesize for every newly created object. The
random distribution is more heavily weighted toward small dnodes to
better simulate real-world datasets.
Unused bonus buffer space is filled with non-zero values computed from
the object number, dataset id, offset, and generation number. This
helps ensure that the dnode traversal code properly skips the interior
regions of large dnodes, and that these interior regions are not
overwritten by data belonging to other dnodes. A new test visits each
object in a dataset. It verifies that the actual dnode size matches what
was stored in the ztest block tag when it was created. It also verifies
that the unused bonus buffer space is filled with the expected data
patterns.
ZFS Test Suite
--------------
Added six new large dnode-specific tests, and integrated the dnodesize
property into existing tests for zfs allow and send/recv.
Send/Receive
------------
ZFS send streams for datasets containing large dnodes cannot be received
on pools that don't support the large_dnode feature. A send stream with
large dnodes sets a DMU_BACKUP_FEATURE_LARGE_DNODE flag which will be
unrecognized by an incompatible receiving pool so that the zfs receive
will fail gracefully.
While not implemented here, it may be possible to generate a
backward-compatible send stream from a dataset containing large
dnodes. The implementation may be tricky, however, because the send
object record for a large dnode would need to be resized to a 512
byte dnode, possibly kicking in a spill block in the process. This
means we would need to construct a new SA layout and possibly
register it in the SA layout object. The SA layout is normally just
sent as an ordinary object record. But if we are constructing new
layouts while generating the send stream we'd have to build the SA
layout object dynamically and send it at the end of the stream.
For sending and receiving between pools that do support large dnodes,
the drr_object send record type is extended with a new field to store
the dnode slot count. This field was repurposed from unused padding
in the structure.
ZIL Replay
----------
The dnode slot count is stored in the uppermost 8 bits of the lr_foid
field. The bits were unused as the object id is currently capped at
48 bits.
Resizing Dnodes
---------------
It should be possible to resize a dnode when it is dirtied if the
current dnodesize dataset property differs from the dnode's size, but
this functionality is not currently implemented. Clearly a dnode can
only grow if there are sufficient contiguous unused slots in the
dnode block, but it should always be possible to shrink a dnode.
Growing dnodes may be useful to reduce fragmentation in a pool with
many spill blocks in use. Shrinking dnodes may be useful to allow
sending a dataset to a pool that doesn't support the large_dnode
feature.
Feature Reference Counting
--------------------------
The reference count for the large_dnode pool feature tracks the
number of datasets that have ever contained a dnode of size larger
than 512 bytes. The first time a large dnode is created in a dataset
the dataset is converted to an extensible dataset. This is a one-way
operation and the only way to decrement the feature count is to
destroy the dataset, even if the dataset no longer contains any large
dnodes. The complexity of reference counting on a per-dnode basis was
too high, so we chose to track it on a per-dataset basis similarly to
the large_block feature.
Signed-off-by: Ned Bass <bass6@llnl.gov>
Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Closes#3542
Under Linux filesystem threads responsible for handling I/O are
normally created with the maximum priority. Non-I/O filesystem
processes run with the default priority. ZFS should adopt the
same priority scheme under Linux to maintain good performance
and so that it will complete fairly when other Linux filesystems
are active. The priorities have been updated to the following:
$ ps -eLo rtprio,cls,pid,pri,nice,cmd | egrep 'z_|spl_|zvol|arc|dbu|meta'
- TS 10743 19 -20 [spl_kmem_cache]
- TS 10744 19 -20 [spl_system_task]
- TS 10745 19 -20 [spl_dynamic_tas]
- TS 10764 19 0 [dbu_evict]
- TS 10765 19 0 [arc_prune]
- TS 10766 19 0 [arc_reclaim]
- TS 10767 19 0 [arc_user_evicts]
- TS 10768 19 0 [l2arc_feed]
- TS 10769 39 0 [z_unmount]
- TS 10770 39 -20 [zvol]
- TS 11011 39 -20 [z_null_iss]
- TS 11012 39 -20 [z_null_int]
- TS 11013 39 -20 [z_rd_iss]
- TS 11014 39 -20 [z_rd_int_0]
- TS 11022 38 -19 [z_wr_iss]
- TS 11023 39 -20 [z_wr_iss_h]
- TS 11024 39 -20 [z_wr_int_0]
- TS 11032 39 -20 [z_wr_int_h]
- TS 11033 39 -20 [z_fr_iss_0]
- TS 11041 39 -20 [z_fr_int]
- TS 11042 39 -20 [z_cl_iss]
- TS 11043 39 -20 [z_cl_int]
- TS 11044 39 -20 [z_ioctl_iss]
- TS 11045 39 -20 [z_ioctl_int]
- TS 11046 39 -20 [metaslab_group_]
- TS 11050 19 0 [z_iput]
- TS 11121 38 -19 [z_wr_iss]
Note that under Linux the meaning of a processes priority is inverted
with respect to illumos. High values on Linux indicate a _low_ priority
while high value on illumos indicate a _high_ priority.
In order to preserve the logical meaning of the minclsyspri and
maxclsyspri macros when they are used by the illumos wrapper functions
their values have been inverted. This way when changes are merged
from upstream illumos we won't need to remember to invert the macro.
It could also lead to confusion.
This patch depends on https://github.com/zfsonlinux/spl/pull/466.
Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Signed-off-by: Ned Bass <bass6@llnl.gov>
Closes#3607
5369 arc flags should be an enum
5370 consistent arc_buf_hdr_t naming scheme
Reviewed by: Matthew Ahrens <mahrens@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Alex Reece <alex.reece@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Sebastien Roy <sebastien.roy@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Richard Elling <richard.elling@richardelling.com>
Approved by: Richard Lowe <richlowe@richlowe.net>
Porting notes:
ZoL has moved some ARC definitions into arc_impl.h.
Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Ported by: Tim Chase <tim@chase2k.com>
5269 zpool import slow
Reviewed by: Matthew Ahrens <mahrens@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: George Wilson <george@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Dan McDonald <danmcd@omniti.com>
Approved by: Dan McDonald <danmcd@omniti.com>
References:
https://www.illumos.org/issues/5269https://github.com/illumos/illumos-gate/commit/12380e1e
Ported-by: DHE <git@dehacked.net>
Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Closes#3396
5027 zfs large block support
Reviewed by: Alek Pinchuk <pinchuk.alek@gmail.com>
Reviewed by: George Wilson <george.wilson@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Josef 'Jeff' Sipek <josef.sipek@nexenta.com>
Reviewed by: Richard Elling <richard.elling@richardelling.com>
Reviewed by: Saso Kiselkov <skiselkov.ml@gmail.com>
Reviewed by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Approved by: Dan McDonald <danmcd@omniti.com>
References:
https://www.illumos.org/issues/5027https://github.com/illumos/illumos-gate/commit/b515258
Porting Notes:
* Included in this patch is a tiny ISP2() cleanup in zio_init() from
Illumos 5255.
* Unlike the upstream Illumos commit this patch does not impose an
arbitrary 128K block size limit on volumes. Volumes, like filesystems,
are limited by the zfs_max_recordsize=1M module option.
* By default the maximum record size is limited to 1M by the module
option zfs_max_recordsize. This value may be safely increased up to
16M which is the largest block size supported by the on-disk format.
At the moment, 1M blocks clearly offer a significant performance
improvement but the benefits of going beyond this for the majority
of workloads are less clear.
* The illumos version of this patch increased DMU_MAX_ACCESS to 32M.
This was determined not to be large enough when using 16M blocks
because the zfs_make_xattrdir() function will fail (EFBIG) when
assigning a TX. This was immediately observed under Linux because
all newly created files must have a security xattr created and
that was failing. Therefore, we've set DMU_MAX_ACCESS to 64M.
* On 32-bit platforms a hard limit of 1M is set for blocks due
to the limited virtual address space. We should be able to relax
this one the ABD patches are merged.
Ported-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Closes#354
5056 ZFS deadlock on db_mtx and dn_holds
Author: Justin Gibbs <justing@spectralogic.com>
Reviewed by: Will Andrews <willa@spectralogic.com>
Reviewed by: Matt Ahrens <mahrens@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: George Wilson <george.wilson@delphix.com>
Approved by: Dan McDonald <danmcd@omniti.com>
References:
https://www.illumos.org/issues/5056https://github.com/illumos/illumos-gate/commit/bc9014e
Porting Notes:
sa_handle_get_from_db():
- the original patch includes an otherwise unmentioned fix for a
possible usage of an uninitialised variable
dmu_objset_open_impl():
- Under Illumos list_link_init() is the same as filling a list_node_t
with NULLs, so they don't notice if they miss doing list_link_init()
on a zero'd containing structure (e.g. allocated with kmem_zalloc as
here). Under Linux, not so much: an uninitialised list_node_t goes
"Boom!" some time later when it's used or destroyed.
dmu_objset_evict_dbufs():
- reduce stack usage using kmem_alloc()
Ported-by: Chris Dunlop <chris@onthe.net.au>
Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
The zil_itx_create() function uses the vmem_alloc() allocator for
its buffers because when logging a write that buffer may be as large
as 64K. This is non-optimal because we may need to allocate many of
of these buffers and this interface has the potential to be slow.
Instead, use zio_data_buf_alloc() which is specifically designed to
be able to efficiently allocate a wide range of buffer sizes.
In addition, do some cleanup and use the zil_itx_destroy() function
to always free an itx structure. This way we're always sure the
right allocation functions are used. Notice that in the current
code kmem_free() and vmem_free() were both used. This happened to
work because these wrappers map to the same internal SPL function.
This was identified as a potential problem when a low-end memory
constrained system began logging the following warnings. There
was no deadlock here just repeated allocation failures resulting
in increased latency.
Possible memory allocation deadlock: size=65792 lflags=0x42d0
Pid: 20118, comm: kvm Tainted: P O 3.2.0-0.bpo.4-amd64
Call Trace:
[<ffffffffa040b834>] ? spl_kmem_alloc_impl+0x115/0x127 [spl]
[<ffffffffa040b84f>] ? spl_kmem_alloc_debug+0x9/0x36 [spl]
[<ffffffffa05d8a0b>] ? zil_itx_create+0x2d/0x59 [zfs]
[<ffffffffa05c71e6>] ? zfs_log_write+0x13a/0x2f0 [zfs]
[<ffffffffa05d41bc>] ? zfs_write+0x85b/0x9bb [zfs]
[<ffffffffa05e37ec>] ? zpl_aio_write+0xca/0x110 [zfs]
[<ffffffff811088e5>] ? do_sync_readv_writev+0xa3/0xde
[<ffffffff81108f41>] ? do_readv_writev+0xaf/0x125
[<ffffffff81109055>] ? sys_pwritev+0x55/0x9a
[<ffffffff813721d2>] ? system_call_fastpath+0x16/0x1b
Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Signed-off-by: Richard Yao <ryao@gentoo.org>
Closes#3059
By marking DMU transaction processing contexts with PF_FSTRANS
we can revert the KM_PUSHPAGE -> KM_SLEEP changes. This brings
us back in line with upstream. In some cases this means simply
swapping the flags back. For others fnvlist_alloc() was replaced
by nvlist_alloc(..., KM_PUSHPAGE) and must be reverted back to
fnvlist_alloc() which assumes KM_SLEEP.
The one place KM_PUSHPAGE is kept is when allocating ARC buffers
which allows us to dip in to reserved memory. This is again the
same as upstream.
Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Callers of kmem_alloc() which passed the KM_NODEBUG flag to suppress
the large allocation warning have been replaced by vmem_alloc() as
appropriate. The updated vmem_alloc() call will not print a warning
regardless of the size of the allocation.
A careful reader will notice that not all callers have been changed
to vmem_alloc(). Some have only had the KM_NODEBUG flag removed.
This was possible because the default warning threshold has been
increased to 32k. This is desirable because it minimizes the need
for Linux specific code changes.
Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Older versions of GCC (e.g. GCC 4.4.7 on RHEL6) do not allow duplicate
typedef declarations with the same type. The trace.h header contains
some typedefs to avoid 'unknown type' errors for C files that haven't
declared the type in question. But this causes build failures for C
files that have already declared the type. Newer versions of GCC (e.g.
v4.6) allow duplicate typedefs with the same type unless pedantic error
checking is in force. To support the older versions we need to remove
the duplicate typedefs.
Removal of the typedefs means we can't built tracepoints code using
those types unless the required headers have been included. To
facilitate this, all tracepoint event declarations have been moved out
of trace.h into separate headers. Each new header is explicitly included
from the C file that uses the events defined therein. The trace.h header
is still indirectly included form zfs_context.h and provides the
implementation of the dprintf(), dbgmsg(), and SET_ERROR() interfaces.
This makes those interfaces readily available throughout the code base.
The macros that redefine DTRACE_PROBE* to use Linux tracepoints are also
still provided by trace.h, so it is a prerequisite for the other
trace_*.h headers.
These new Linux implementation-specific headers do introduce a small
divergence from upstream ZFS in several core C files, but this should
not present a significant maintenance burden.
Signed-off-by: Ned Bass <bass6@llnl.gov>
Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Issue #2953
These symbols are needed by consumers (i.e. Lustre) who wish to
integrate with the ZIL. In addition the zil_rollback_destroy()
prototype was removed because the implementation of this function
was removed long ago.
Signed-off-by: Alex Zhuravlev <alexey.zhuravlev@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Closes#2892
Reviewed by: Christopher Siden <christopher.siden@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: George Wilson <george.wilson@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Max Grossman <max.grossman@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Richard Elling <richard.elling@gmail.com>
Approved by: Dan McDonald <danmcd@omniti.com>
References:
https://www.illumos.org/projects/illumos-gate//issues/5140https://github.com/illumos/illumos-gate/commit/2243853
Ported by: Turbo Fredriksson <turbo@bayour.com>
Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Closes#2676
4914 zfs on-disk bookmark structure should be named *_phys_t
Reviewed by: George Wilson <george.wilson@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Christopher Siden <christopher.siden@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Richard Lowe <richlowe@richlowe.net>
Reviewed by: Saso Kiselkov <skiselkov.ml@gmail.com>
Approved by: Robert Mustacchi <rm@joyent.com>
References:
https://www.illumos.org/issues/4914https://github.com/illumos/illumos-gate/commit/7802d7b
Porting notes:
There were a number of zfsonlinux-specific uses of zbookmark_t which
needed to be updated. This should reduce the likelihood of further
problems like issue #2094 from occurring.
Ported by: Tim Chase <tim@chase2k.com>
Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Closes#2558
4757 ZFS embedded-data block pointers ("zero block compression")
4913 zfs release should not be subject to space checks
Reviewed by: Adam Leventhal <ahl@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Max Grossman <max.grossman@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: George Wilson <george.wilson@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Christopher Siden <christopher.siden@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Dan McDonald <danmcd@omniti.com>
Approved by: Dan McDonald <danmcd@omniti.com>
References:
https://www.illumos.org/issues/4757https://www.illumos.org/issues/4913https://github.com/illumos/illumos-gate/commit/5d7b4d4
Porting notes:
For compatibility with the fastpath code the zio_done() function
needed to be updated. Because embedded-data block pointers do
not require DVAs to be allocated the associated vdevs will not
be marked and therefore should not be unmarked.
Ported by: Tim Chase <tim@chase2k.com>
Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Closes#2544
4370 avoid transmitting holes during zfs send
4371 DMU code clean up
Reviewed by: Matthew Ahrens <mahrens@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: George Wilson <george.wilson@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Christopher Siden <christopher.siden@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Josef 'Jeff' Sipek <jeffpc@josefsipek.net>
Approved by: Garrett D'Amore <garrett@damore.org>a
References:
https://www.illumos.org/issues/4370https://www.illumos.org/issues/4371https://github.com/illumos/illumos-gate/commit/43466aa
Ported by: Tim Chase <tim@chase2k.com>
Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Closes#2529
The vast majority of these changes are in Linux specific code.
They are the result of not having an automated style checker to
validate the code when it was originally written. Others were
caused when the common code was slightly adjusted for Linux.
This patch contains no functional changes. It only refreshes
the code to conform to style guide.
Everyone submitting patches for inclusion upstream should now
run 'make checkstyle' and resolve any warning prior to opening
a pull request. The automated builders have been updated to
fail a build if when 'make checkstyle' detects an issue.
Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Closes#1821
4045 zfs write throttle & i/o scheduler performance work
1. The ZFS i/o scheduler (vdev_queue.c) now divides i/os into 5 classes: sync
read, sync write, async read, async write, and scrub/resilver. The scheduler
issues a number of concurrent i/os from each class to the device. Once a class
has been selected, an i/o is selected from this class using either an elevator
algorithem (async, scrub classes) or FIFO (sync classes). The number of
concurrent async write i/os is tuned dynamically based on i/o load, to achieve
good sync i/o latency when there is not a high load of writes, and good write
throughput when there is. See the block comment in vdev_queue.c (reproduced
below) for more details.
2. The write throttle (dsl_pool_tempreserve_space() and
txg_constrain_throughput()) is rewritten to produce much more consistent delays
when under constant load. The new write throttle is based on the amount of
dirty data, rather than guesses about future performance of the system. When
there is a lot of dirty data, each transaction (e.g. write() syscall) will be
delayed by the same small amount. This eliminates the "brick wall of wait"
that the old write throttle could hit, causing all transactions to wait several
seconds until the next txg opens. One of the keys to the new write throttle is
decrementing the amount of dirty data as i/o completes, rather than at the end
of spa_sync(). Note that the write throttle is only applied once the i/o
scheduler is issuing the maximum number of outstanding async writes. See the
block comments in dsl_pool.c and above dmu_tx_delay() (reproduced below) for
more details.
This diff has several other effects, including:
* the commonly-tuned global variable zfs_vdev_max_pending has been removed;
use per-class zfs_vdev_*_max_active values or zfs_vdev_max_active instead.
* the size of each txg (meaning the amount of dirty data written, and thus the
time it takes to write out) is now controlled differently. There is no longer
an explicit time goal; the primary determinant is amount of dirty data.
Systems that are under light or medium load will now often see that a txg is
always syncing, but the impact to performance (e.g. read latency) is minimal.
Tune zfs_dirty_data_max and zfs_dirty_data_sync to control this.
* zio_taskq_batch_pct = 75 -- Only use 75% of all CPUs for compression,
checksum, etc. This improves latency by not allowing these CPU-intensive tasks
to consume all CPU (on machines with at least 4 CPU's; the percentage is
rounded up).
--matt
APPENDIX: problems with the current i/o scheduler
The current ZFS i/o scheduler (vdev_queue.c) is deadline based. The problem
with this is that if there are always i/os pending, then certain classes of
i/os can see very long delays.
For example, if there are always synchronous reads outstanding, then no async
writes will be serviced until they become "past due". One symptom of this
situation is that each pass of the txg sync takes at least several seconds
(typically 3 seconds).
If many i/os become "past due" (their deadline is in the past), then we must
service all of these overdue i/os before any new i/os. This happens when we
enqueue a batch of async writes for the txg sync, with deadlines 2.5 seconds in
the future. If we can't complete all the i/os in 2.5 seconds (e.g. because
there were always reads pending), then these i/os will become past due. Now we
must service all the "async" writes (which could be hundreds of megabytes)
before we service any reads, introducing considerable latency to synchronous
i/os (reads or ZIL writes).
Notes on porting to ZFS on Linux:
- zio_t gained new members io_physdone and io_phys_children. Because
object caches in the Linux port call the constructor only once at
allocation time, objects may contain residual data when retrieved
from the cache. Therefore zio_create() was updated to zero out the two
new fields.
- vdev_mirror_pending() relied on the depth of the per-vdev pending queue
(vq->vq_pending_tree) to select the least-busy leaf vdev to read from.
This tree has been replaced by vq->vq_active_tree which is now used
for the same purpose.
- vdev_queue_init() used the value of zfs_vdev_max_pending to determine
the number of vdev I/O buffers to pre-allocate. That global no longer
exists, so we instead use the sum of the *_max_active values for each of
the five I/O classes described above.
- The Illumos implementation of dmu_tx_delay() delays a transaction by
sleeping in condition variable embedded in the thread
(curthread->t_delay_cv). We do not have an equivalent CV to use in
Linux, so this change replaced the delay logic with a wrapper called
zfs_sleep_until(). This wrapper could be adopted upstream and in other
downstream ports to abstract away operating system-specific delay logic.
- These tunables are added as module parameters, and descriptions added
to the zfs-module-parameters.5 man page.
spa_asize_inflation
zfs_deadman_synctime_ms
zfs_vdev_max_active
zfs_vdev_async_write_active_min_dirty_percent
zfs_vdev_async_write_active_max_dirty_percent
zfs_vdev_async_read_max_active
zfs_vdev_async_read_min_active
zfs_vdev_async_write_max_active
zfs_vdev_async_write_min_active
zfs_vdev_scrub_max_active
zfs_vdev_scrub_min_active
zfs_vdev_sync_read_max_active
zfs_vdev_sync_read_min_active
zfs_vdev_sync_write_max_active
zfs_vdev_sync_write_min_active
zfs_dirty_data_max_percent
zfs_delay_min_dirty_percent
zfs_dirty_data_max_max_percent
zfs_dirty_data_max
zfs_dirty_data_max_max
zfs_dirty_data_sync
zfs_delay_scale
The latter four have type unsigned long, whereas they are uint64_t in
Illumos. This accommodates Linux's module_param() supported types, but
means they may overflow on 32-bit architectures.
The values zfs_dirty_data_max and zfs_dirty_data_max_max are the most
likely to overflow on 32-bit systems, since they express physical RAM
sizes in bytes. In fact, Illumos initializes zfs_dirty_data_max_max to
2^32 which does overflow. To resolve that, this port instead initializes
it in arc_init() to 25% of physical RAM, and adds the tunable
zfs_dirty_data_max_max_percent to override that percentage. While this
solution doesn't completely avoid the overflow issue, it should be a
reasonable default for most systems, and the minority of affected
systems can work around the issue by overriding the defaults.
- Fixed reversed logic in comment above zfs_delay_scale declaration.
- Clarified comments in vdev_queue.c regarding when per-queue minimums take
effect.
- Replaced dmu_tx_write_limit in the dmu_tx kstat file
with dmu_tx_dirty_delay and dmu_tx_dirty_over_max. The first counts
how many times a transaction has been delayed because the pool dirty
data has exceeded zfs_delay_min_dirty_percent. The latter counts how
many times the pool dirty data has exceeded zfs_dirty_data_max (which
we expect to never happen).
- The original patch would have regressed the bug fixed in
zfsonlinux/zfs@c418410, which prevented users from setting the
zfs_vdev_aggregation_limit tuning larger than SPA_MAXBLOCKSIZE.
A similar fix is added to vdev_queue_aggregate().
- In vdev_queue_io_to_issue(), dynamically allocate 'zio_t search' on the
heap instead of the stack. In Linux we can't afford such large
structures on the stack.
Reviewed by: George Wilson <george.wilson@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Adam Leventhal <ahl@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Christopher Siden <christopher.siden@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Ned Bass <bass6@llnl.gov>
Reviewed by: Brendan Gregg <brendan.gregg@joyent.com>
Approved by: Robert Mustacchi <rm@joyent.com>
References:
http://www.illumos.org/issues/4045illumos/illumos-gate@69962b5647
Ported-by: Ned Bass <bass6@llnl.gov>
Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Closes#1913
Currently, using msync() results in the following code path:
sys_msync -> zpl_fsync -> filemap_write_and_wait_range -> zpl_writepages -> write_cache_pages -> zpl_putpage
In such a code path, zil_commit() is called as part of zpl_putpage().
This means that for each page, the write is handed to the DMU, the ZIL
is committed, and only then do we move on to the next page. As one might
imagine, this results in atrocious performance where there is a large
number of pages to write: instead of committing a batch of N writes,
we do N commits containing one page each. In some extreme cases this
can result in msync() being ~700 times slower than it should be, as well
as very inefficient use of ZIL resources.
This patch fixes this issue by making sure that the requested writes
are batched and then committed only once. Unfortunately, the
implementation is somewhat non-trivial because there is no way to run
write_cache_pages in SYNC mode (so that we get all pages) without
making it wait on the writeback tag for each page.
The solution implemented here is composed of two parts:
- I added a new callback system to the ZIL, which allows the caller to
be notified when its ITX gets written to stable storage. One nice
thing is that the callback is called not only in zil_commit() but
in zil_sync() as well, which means that the caller doesn't have to
care whether the write ended up in the ZIL or the DMU: it will get
notified as soon as it's safe, period. This is an improvement over
dmu_tx_callback_register() that was used previously, which only
supports DMU writes. The rationale for this change is to allow
zpl_putpage() to be notified when a ZIL commit is completed without
having to block on zil_commit() itself.
- zpl_writepages() now calls write_cache_pages in non-SYNC mode, which
will prevent (1) write_cache_pages from blocking, and (2) zpl_putpage
from issuing ZIL commits. zpl_writepages() will issue the commit
itself instead of relying on zpl_putpage() to do it, thus nicely
batching the writes. Note, however, that we still have to call
write_cache_pages() again in SYNC mode because there is an edge case
documented in the implementation of write_cache_pages() whereas it
will not give us all dirty pages when running in non-SYNC mode. Thus
we need to run it at least once in SYNC mode to make sure we honor
persistency guarantees. This only happens when the pages are
modified at the same time msync() is running, which should be rare.
In most cases there won't be any additional pages and this second
call will do nothing.
Note that this change also fixes a bug related to #907 whereas calling
msync() on pages that were already handed over to the DMU in a previous
writepages() call would make msync() block until the next TXG sync
instead of returning as soon as the ZIL commit is complete. The new
callback system fixes that problem.
Signed-off-by: Richard Yao <ryao@gentoo.org>
Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Closes#1849Closes#907
3742 zfs comments need cleaner, more consistent style
Reviewed by: Matthew Ahrens <mahrens@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: George Wilson <george.wilson@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Eric Schrock <eric.schrock@delphix.com>
Approved by: Christopher Siden <christopher.siden@delphix.com>
References:
https://www.illumos.org/issues/3742illumos/illumos-gate@f717074149
Ported-by: Richard Yao <ryao@gentoo.org>
Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Issue #1775
Porting notes:
1. The change to zfs_vfsops.c was dropped because it involves
zfs_mount_label_policy, which does not exist in the Linux port.
3598 want to dtrace when errors are generated in zfs
Reviewed by: Dan Kimmel <dan.kimmel@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Adam Leventhal <ahl@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Christopher Siden <christopher.siden@delphix.com>
Approved by: Garrett D'Amore <garrett@damore.org>
References:
https://www.illumos.org/issues/3598illumos/illumos-gate@be6fd75a69
Ported-by: Richard Yao <ryao@gentoo.org>
Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Issue #1775
Porting notes:
1. include/sys/zfs_context.h has been modified to render some new
macros inert until dtrace is available on Linux.
2. Linux-specific changes have been adapted to use SET_ERROR().
3. I'm NOT happy about this change. It does nothing but ugly
up the code under Linux. Unfortunately we need to take it to
avoid more merge conflicts in the future. -Brian
3006 VERIFY[S,U,P] and ASSERT[S,U,P] frequently check if first
argument is zero
Reviewed by Matt Ahrens <matthew.ahrens@delphix.com>
Reviewed by George Wilson <george.wilson@delphix.com>
Approved by Eric Schrock <eric.schrock@delphix.com>
References:
illumos/illumos-gate@fb09f5aad4https://illumos.org/issues/3006
Requires:
zfsonlinux/spl@1c6d149feb
Ported-by: Tim Chase <tim@chase2k.com>
Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Closes#1509
The PaX team modified the kernel's modpost to report writeable function
pointers as section mismatches because they are potential exploit
targets. We could ignore the warnings, but their presence can obscure
actual issues. Proper const correctness can also catch programming
mistakes.
Building the kernel modules against a PaX/GrSecurity patched Linux 3.4.2
kernel reports 133 section mismatches prior to this patch. This patch
eliminates 130 of them. The quantity of writeable function pointers
eliminated by constifying each structure is as follows:
vdev_opts_t 52
zil_replay_func_t 24
zio_compress_info_t 24
zio_checksum_info_t 9
space_map_ops_t 7
arc_byteswap_func_t 5
The remaining 3 writeable function pointers cannot be addressed by this
patch. 2 of them are in zpl_fs_type. The kernel's sget function requires
that this be non-const. The final writeable function pointer is created
by SPL_SHRINKER_DECLARE. The kernel's set_shrinker() and
remove_shrinker() functions also require that this be non-const.
Signed-off-by: Richard Yao <ryao@cs.stonybrook.edu>
Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Closes#1300
In the current code, logbias=throughput implies the following:
1) All synchronous writes are logged in indirect mode.
2) The slog is not used.
(1) makes sense because it avoids writing the data twice, which is
obviously a good thing when the user wants maximum pool throughput.
(2), however, is a surprising decision. Considering all writes are
indirect, the log record doesn't contain the actual data, only pointers
to DMU blocks. As a result, log records written in logbias=throughput
mode are quite small, and as such, it doesn't make any sense to write
them to the main pool since slogs are usually optimized for small
synchronous writes.
In fact, the current behavior is actually harmful for performance,
because log blocks and data blocks from dmu_sync() seldom have the same
allocation size and as a result are usually allocated from different
metaslabs. This means that if a spindle has to write both log blocks and
DMU blocks (which is likely to happen under heavy load), it will have to
seek between the two. Allocating the log blocks from the slog pool
instead of the main pool avoids these unnecessary seeks.
This commit makes ZFS use the slog on datasets with logbias=throughput.
Real-life performance testing shows a 50% synchronous write performance
increase with some large commit sizes, and no negative effect in other
cases.
Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Issue #1013
Currently, ZIL blocks are spread over vdevs using hint block pointers
managed by the ZIL commit code and passed to metaslab_alloc(). Spreading
log blocks accross vdevs is important for performance: indeed, using
mutliple disks in parallel decreases the ZIL commit latency, which is
the main performance metric for synchronous writes. However, the current
implementation suffers from the following issues:
1) It would be best if the ZIL module was not aware of such low-level
details. They should be handled by the ZIO and metaslab modules;
2) Because the hint block pointer is managed per log, simultaneous
commits from multiple logs might use the same vdevs at the same time,
which is inefficient;
3) Because dmu_write() does not honor the block pointer hint, indirect
writes are not spread.
The naive solution of rotating the metaslab rotor each time a block is
allocated for the ZIL or dmu_sync() doesn't work in practice because the
first ZIL block to be written is actually allocated during the previous
commit. Consequently, when metaslab_alloc() decides the vdev for this
block, it will do so while a bunch of other allocations are happening at
the same time (from dmu_sync() and other ZILs). This means the vdev for
this block is chosen more or less at random. When the next commit
happens, there is a high chance (especially when the number of blocks
per commit is slightly less than the number of the disks) that one disk
will have to write two blocks (with a potential seek) while other disks
are sitting idle, which defeats spreading and increases the commit
latency.
This commit introduces a new concept in the metaslab allocator:
fastwrites. Basically, each top-level vdev maintains a counter
indicating the number of synchronous writes (from dmu_sync() and the
ZIL) which have been allocated but not yet completed. When the metaslab
is called with the FASTWRITE flag, it will choose the vdev with the
least amount of pending synchronous writes. If there are multiple vdevs
with the same value, the first matching vdev (starting from the rotor)
is used. Once metaslab_alloc() has decided which vdev the block is
allocated to, it updates the fastwrite counter for this vdev.
The rationale goes like this: when an allocation is done with
FASTWRITE, it "reserves" the vdev until the data is written. Until then,
all future allocations will naturally avoid this vdev, even after a full
rotation of the rotor. As a result, pending synchronous writes at a
given point in time will be nicely spread over all vdevs. This contrasts
with the previous algorithm, which is based on the implicit assumption
that blocks are written instantaneously after they're allocated.
metaslab_fastwrite_mark() and metaslab_fastwrite_unmark() are used to
manually increase or decrease fastwrite counters, respectively. They
should be used with caution, as there is no per-BP tracking of fastwrite
information, so leaks and "double-unmarks" are possible. There is,
however, an assert in the vdev teardown code which will fire if the
fastwrite counters are not zero when the pool is exported or the vdev
removed. Note that as stated above, marking is also done implictly by
metaslab_alloc().
ZIO also got a new FASTWRITE flag; when it is used, ZIO will pass it to
the metaslab when allocating (assuming ZIO does the allocation, which is
only true in the case of dmu_sync). This flag will also trigger an
unmark when zio_done() fires.
A side-effect of the new algorithm is that when a ZIL stops being used,
its last block can stay in the pending state (allocated but not yet
written) for a long time, polluting the fastwrite counters. To avoid
that, I've implemented a somewhat crude but working solution which
unmarks these pending blocks in zil_sync(), thus guaranteeing that
linguering fastwrites will get pruned at each sync event.
The best performance improvements are observed with pools using a large
number of top-level vdevs and heavy synchronous write workflows
(especially indirect writes and concurrent writes from multiple ZILs).
Real-life testing shows a 200% to 300% performance increase with
indirect writes and various commit sizes.
Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Issue #1013
The following incorrect usage of cv_signal and cv_broadcast()
was caught by code inspection. The cv_signal and cv_broadcast()
functions must be called under the associated mutex to preventing
racing with cv_wait().
Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Differences between how paging is done on Solaris and Linux can cause
deadlocks if KM_SLEEP is used in any the following contexts.
* The txg_sync thread
* The zvol write/discard threads
* The zpl_putpage() VFS callback
This is because KM_SLEEP will allow for direct reclaim which may result
in the VM calling back in to the filesystem or block layer to write out
pages. If a lock is held over this operation the potential exists to
deadlock the system. To ensure forward progress all memory allocations
in these contexts must us KM_PUSHPAGE which disables performing any I/O
to accomplish the memory allocation.
Previously, this behavior was acheived by setting PF_MEMALLOC on the
thread. However, that resulted in unexpected side effects such as the
exhaustion of pages in ZONE_DMA. This approach touchs more of the zfs
code, but it is more consistent with the right way to handle these cases
under Linux.
This is patch lays the ground work for being able to safely revert the
following commits which used PF_MEMALLOC:
21ade34 Disable direct reclaim for z_wr_* threads
cfc9a5c Fix zpl_writepage() deadlock
eec8164 Fix ASSERTION(!dsl_pool_sync_context(tx->tx_pool))
Signed-off-by: Richard Yao <ryao@cs.stonybrook.edu>
Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Issue #726
The performance of the ZIL is usually the main bottleneck when dealing with
synchronous, write-heavy workloads (e.g. databases). Understanding the
behavior of the ZIL is required to diagnose performance issues for these
workloads, and to tune ZIL parameters (like zil_slog_limit) accordingly.
This commit adds a new kstat page dedicated to the ZIL with some counters
which, hopefully, scheds some light into what the ZIL is doing, and how it is
doing it.
Currently, these statistics are available in /proc/spl/kstat/zfs/zil.
A description of the fields can be found in zil.h.
Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Closes#786
zil_slog_limit specifies the maximum commit size to be written to the separate
log device. Larger commits bypass the separate log device and go directly to
the data devices.
The optimal value for zil_slog_limit directly depends on the latency and
throughput characteristics of both the separate log device and the data disks.
Small synchronous writes are faster on low-latency separate log devices (e.g.
SSDs) whereas large synchronous writes are faster on high-latency data disks
(e.g. spindles) because of higher throughput, especially with a large array.
The point is, the line between "small" and "large" synchronous writes in this
scenario is heavily dependent on the hardware used. That's why it should be
made configurable.
Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Closes#783
Moving the zil_free() cleanup to zil_close() prevents this
problem from occurring in the first place. There is a very
good description of the issue and fix in Illumus #883.
Reviewed by: Matt Ahrens <Matt.Ahrens@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Adam Leventhal <Adam.Leventhal@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Albert Lee <trisk@nexenta.com>
Reviewed by: Gordon Ross <gwr@nexenta.com>
Reviewed by: Garrett D'Amore <garrett@nexenta.com>
Reivewed by: Dan McDonald <danmcd@nexenta.com>
Approved by: Gordon Ross <gwr@nexenta.com>
References to Illumos issue and patch:
- https://www.illumos.org/issues/883
- https://github.com/illumos/illumos-gate/commit/c9ba2a43cb
Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Issue #340
This commit adds module options for all existing zfs tunables.
Ideally the average user should never need to modify any of these
values. However, in practice sometimes you do need to tweak these
values for one reason or another. In those cases it's nice not to
have to resort to rebuilding from source. All tunables are visable
to modinfo and the list is as follows:
$ modinfo module/zfs/zfs.ko
filename: module/zfs/zfs.ko
license: CDDL
author: Sun Microsystems/Oracle, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
description: ZFS
srcversion: 8EAB1D71DACE05B5AA61567
depends: spl,znvpair,zcommon,zunicode,zavl
vermagic: 2.6.32-131.0.5.el6.x86_64 SMP mod_unload modversions
parm: zvol_major:Major number for zvol device (uint)
parm: zvol_threads:Number of threads for zvol device (uint)
parm: zio_injection_enabled:Enable fault injection (int)
parm: zio_bulk_flags:Additional flags to pass to bulk buffers (int)
parm: zio_delay_max:Max zio millisec delay before posting event (int)
parm: zio_requeue_io_start_cut_in_line:Prioritize requeued I/O (bool)
parm: zil_replay_disable:Disable intent logging replay (int)
parm: zfs_nocacheflush:Disable cache flushes (bool)
parm: zfs_read_chunk_size:Bytes to read per chunk (long)
parm: zfs_vdev_max_pending:Max pending per-vdev I/Os (int)
parm: zfs_vdev_min_pending:Min pending per-vdev I/Os (int)
parm: zfs_vdev_aggregation_limit:Max vdev I/O aggregation size (int)
parm: zfs_vdev_time_shift:Deadline time shift for vdev I/O (int)
parm: zfs_vdev_ramp_rate:Exponential I/O issue ramp-up rate (int)
parm: zfs_vdev_read_gap_limit:Aggregate read I/O over gap (int)
parm: zfs_vdev_write_gap_limit:Aggregate write I/O over gap (int)
parm: zfs_vdev_scheduler:I/O scheduler (charp)
parm: zfs_vdev_cache_max:Inflate reads small than max (int)
parm: zfs_vdev_cache_size:Total size of the per-disk cache (int)
parm: zfs_vdev_cache_bshift:Shift size to inflate reads too (int)
parm: zfs_scrub_limit:Max scrub/resilver I/O per leaf vdev (int)
parm: zfs_recover:Set to attempt to recover from fatal errors (int)
parm: spa_config_path:SPA config file (/etc/zfs/zpool.cache) (charp)
parm: zfs_zevent_len_max:Max event queue length (int)
parm: zfs_zevent_cols:Max event column width (int)
parm: zfs_zevent_console:Log events to the console (int)
parm: zfs_top_maxinflight:Max I/Os per top-level (int)
parm: zfs_resilver_delay:Number of ticks to delay resilver (int)
parm: zfs_scrub_delay:Number of ticks to delay scrub (int)
parm: zfs_scan_idle:Idle window in clock ticks (int)
parm: zfs_scan_min_time_ms:Min millisecs to scrub per txg (int)
parm: zfs_free_min_time_ms:Min millisecs to free per txg (int)
parm: zfs_resilver_min_time_ms:Min millisecs to resilver per txg (int)
parm: zfs_no_scrub_io:Set to disable scrub I/O (bool)
parm: zfs_no_scrub_prefetch:Set to disable scrub prefetching (bool)
parm: zfs_txg_timeout:Max seconds worth of delta per txg (int)
parm: zfs_no_write_throttle:Disable write throttling (int)
parm: zfs_write_limit_shift:log2(fraction of memory) per txg (int)
parm: zfs_txg_synctime_ms:Target milliseconds between tgx sync (int)
parm: zfs_write_limit_min:Min tgx write limit (ulong)
parm: zfs_write_limit_max:Max tgx write limit (ulong)
parm: zfs_write_limit_inflated:Inflated tgx write limit (ulong)
parm: zfs_write_limit_override:Override tgx write limit (ulong)
parm: zfs_prefetch_disable:Disable all ZFS prefetching (int)
parm: zfetch_max_streams:Max number of streams per zfetch (uint)
parm: zfetch_min_sec_reap:Min time before stream reclaim (uint)
parm: zfetch_block_cap:Max number of blocks to fetch at a time (uint)
parm: zfetch_array_rd_sz:Number of bytes in a array_read (ulong)
parm: zfs_pd_blks_max:Max number of blocks to prefetch (int)
parm: zfs_dedup_prefetch:Enable prefetching dedup-ed blks (int)
parm: zfs_arc_min:Min arc size (ulong)
parm: zfs_arc_max:Max arc size (ulong)
parm: zfs_arc_meta_limit:Meta limit for arc size (ulong)
parm: zfs_arc_reduce_dnlc_percent:Meta reclaim percentage (int)
parm: zfs_arc_grow_retry:Seconds before growing arc size (int)
parm: zfs_arc_shrink_shift:log2(fraction of arc to reclaim) (int)
parm: zfs_arc_p_min_shift:arc_c shift to calc min/max arc_p (int)
It's possible for a zvol_write thread to enter direct memory reclaim
while holding open a transaction group. This results in the system
attempting to write out data to the disk to free memory. Unfortunately,
this can't succeed because the the thread doing reclaim is holding open
the txg which must be closed to be synced to disk. To prevent this
the offending allocation is marked KM_PUSHPAGE which will prevent it
from attempting writeback.
Closes#191
Fix non-c90 compliant code, for the most part these changes
simply deal with where a particular variable is declared.
Under c90 it must alway be done at the very start of a block.
Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
