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Justification ------------- This feature adds support for variable length dnodes. Our motivation is to eliminate the overhead associated with using spill blocks. Spill blocks are used to store system attribute data (i.e. file metadata) that does not fit in the dnode's bonus buffer. By allowing a larger bonus buffer area the use of a spill block can be avoided. Spill blocks potentially incur an additional read I/O for every dnode in a dnode block. As a worst case example, reading 32 dnodes from a 16k dnode block and all of the spill blocks could issue 33 separate reads. Now suppose those dnodes have size 1024 and therefore don't need spill blocks. Then the worst case number of blocks read is reduced to from 33 to two--one per dnode block. In practice spill blocks may tend to be co-located on disk with the dnode blocks so the reduction in I/O would not be this drastic. In a badly fragmented pool, however, the improvement could be significant. ZFS-on-Linux systems that make heavy use of extended attributes would benefit from this feature. In particular, ZFS-on-Linux supports the xattr=sa dataset property which allows file extended attribute data to be stored in the dnode bonus buffer as an alternative to the traditional directory-based format. Workloads such as SELinux and the Lustre distributed filesystem often store enough xattr data to force spill bocks when xattr=sa is in effect. Large dnodes may therefore provide a performance benefit to such systems. Other use cases that may benefit from this feature include files with large ACLs and symbolic links with long target names. Furthermore, this feature may be desirable on other platforms in case future applications or features are developed that could make use of a larger bonus buffer area. Implementation -------------- The size of a dnode may be a multiple of 512 bytes up to the size of a dnode block (currently 16384 bytes). A dn_extra_slots field was added to the current on-disk dnode_phys_t structure to describe the size of the physical dnode on disk. The 8 bits for this field were taken from the zero filled dn_pad2 field. The field represents how many "extra" dnode_phys_t slots a dnode consumes in its dnode block. This convention results in a value of 0 for 512 byte dnodes which preserves on-disk format compatibility with older software. Similarly, the in-memory dnode_t structure has a new dn_num_slots field to represent the total number of dnode_phys_t slots consumed on disk. Thus dn->dn_num_slots is 1 greater than the corresponding dnp->dn_extra_slots. This difference in convention was adopted because, unlike on-disk structures, backward compatibility is not a concern for in-memory objects, so we used a more natural way to represent size for a dnode_t. The default size for newly created dnodes is determined by the value of a new "dnodesize" dataset property. By default the property is set to "legacy" which is compatible with older software. Setting the property to "auto" will allow the filesystem to choose the most suitable dnode size. Currently this just sets the default dnode size to 1k, but future code improvements could dynamically choose a size based on observed workload patterns. Dnodes of varying sizes can coexist within the same dataset and even within the same dnode block. For example, to enable automatically-sized dnodes, run # zfs set dnodesize=auto tank/fish The user can also specify literal values for the dnodesize property. These are currently limited to powers of two from 1k to 16k. The power-of-2 limitation is only for simplicity of the user interface. Internally the implementation can handle any multiple of 512 up to 16k, and consumers of the DMU API can specify any legal dnode value. The size of a new dnode is determined at object allocation time and stored as a new field in the znode in-memory structure. New DMU interfaces are added to allow the consumer to specify the dnode size that a newly allocated object should use. Existing interfaces are unchanged to avoid having to update every call site and to preserve compatibility with external consumers such as Lustre. The new interfaces names are given below. The versions of these functions that don't take a dnodesize parameter now just call the _dnsize() versions with a dnodesize of 0, which means use the legacy dnode size. New DMU interfaces: dmu_object_alloc_dnsize() dmu_object_claim_dnsize() dmu_object_reclaim_dnsize() New ZAP interfaces: zap_create_dnsize() zap_create_norm_dnsize() zap_create_flags_dnsize() zap_create_claim_norm_dnsize() zap_create_link_dnsize() The constant DN_MAX_BONUSLEN is renamed to DN_OLD_MAX_BONUSLEN. The spa_maxdnodesize() function should be used to determine the maximum bonus length for a pool. These are a few noteworthy changes to key functions: * The prototype for dnode_hold_impl() now takes a "slots" parameter. When the DNODE_MUST_BE_FREE flag is set, this parameter is used to ensure the hole at the specified object offset is large enough to hold the dnode being created. The slots parameter is also used to ensure a dnode does not span multiple dnode blocks. In both of these cases, if a failure occurs, ENOSPC is returned. Keep in mind, these failure cases are only possible when using DNODE_MUST_BE_FREE. If the DNODE_MUST_BE_ALLOCATED flag is set, "slots" must be 0. dnode_hold_impl() will check if the requested dnode is already consumed as an extra dnode slot by an large dnode, in which case it returns ENOENT. * The function dmu_object_alloc() advances to the next dnode block if dnode_hold_impl() returns an error for a requested object. This is because the beginning of the next dnode block is the only location it can safely assume to either be a hole or a valid starting point for a dnode. * dnode_next_offset_level() and other functions that iterate through dnode blocks may no longer use a simple array indexing scheme. These now use the current dnode's dn_num_slots field to advance to the next dnode in the block. This is to ensure we properly skip the current dnode's bonus area and don't interpret it as a valid dnode. zdb --- The zdb command was updated to display a dnode's size under the "dnsize" column when the object is dumped. For ZIL create log records, zdb will now display the slot count for the object. ztest ----- Ztest chooses a random dnodesize for every newly created object. The random distribution is more heavily weighted toward small dnodes to better simulate real-world datasets. Unused bonus buffer space is filled with non-zero values computed from the object number, dataset id, offset, and generation number. This helps ensure that the dnode traversal code properly skips the interior regions of large dnodes, and that these interior regions are not overwritten by data belonging to other dnodes. A new test visits each object in a dataset. It verifies that the actual dnode size matches what was stored in the ztest block tag when it was created. It also verifies that the unused bonus buffer space is filled with the expected data patterns. ZFS Test Suite -------------- Added six new large dnode-specific tests, and integrated the dnodesize property into existing tests for zfs allow and send/recv. Send/Receive ------------ ZFS send streams for datasets containing large dnodes cannot be received on pools that don't support the large_dnode feature. A send stream with large dnodes sets a DMU_BACKUP_FEATURE_LARGE_DNODE flag which will be unrecognized by an incompatible receiving pool so that the zfs receive will fail gracefully. While not implemented here, it may be possible to generate a backward-compatible send stream from a dataset containing large dnodes. The implementation may be tricky, however, because the send object record for a large dnode would need to be resized to a 512 byte dnode, possibly kicking in a spill block in the process. This means we would need to construct a new SA layout and possibly register it in the SA layout object. The SA layout is normally just sent as an ordinary object record. But if we are constructing new layouts while generating the send stream we'd have to build the SA layout object dynamically and send it at the end of the stream. For sending and receiving between pools that do support large dnodes, the drr_object send record type is extended with a new field to store the dnode slot count. This field was repurposed from unused padding in the structure. ZIL Replay ---------- The dnode slot count is stored in the uppermost 8 bits of the lr_foid field. The bits were unused as the object id is currently capped at 48 bits. Resizing Dnodes --------------- It should be possible to resize a dnode when it is dirtied if the current dnodesize dataset property differs from the dnode's size, but this functionality is not currently implemented. Clearly a dnode can only grow if there are sufficient contiguous unused slots in the dnode block, but it should always be possible to shrink a dnode. Growing dnodes may be useful to reduce fragmentation in a pool with many spill blocks in use. Shrinking dnodes may be useful to allow sending a dataset to a pool that doesn't support the large_dnode feature. Feature Reference Counting -------------------------- The reference count for the large_dnode pool feature tracks the number of datasets that have ever contained a dnode of size larger than 512 bytes. The first time a large dnode is created in a dataset the dataset is converted to an extensible dataset. This is a one-way operation and the only way to decrement the feature count is to destroy the dataset, even if the dataset no longer contains any large dnodes. The complexity of reference counting on a per-dnode basis was too high, so we chose to track it on a per-dataset basis similarly to the large_block feature. Signed-off-by: Ned Bass <bass6@llnl.gov> Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov> Closes #3542
290 lines
8.3 KiB
C
290 lines
8.3 KiB
C
/*
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* CDDL HEADER START
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*
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* The contents of this file are subject to the terms of the
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* Common Development and Distribution License (the "License").
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* You may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
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*
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* You can obtain a copy of the license at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE
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* or http://www.opensolaris.org/os/licensing.
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* See the License for the specific language governing permissions
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* and limitations under the License.
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*
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* When distributing Covered Code, include this CDDL HEADER in each
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* file and include the License file at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE.
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* If applicable, add the following below this CDDL HEADER, with the
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* fields enclosed by brackets "[]" replaced with your own identifying
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* information: Portions Copyright [yyyy] [name of copyright owner]
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*
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* CDDL HEADER END
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*/
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/*
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* Copyright (c) 2010, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
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* Copyright (c) 2013 by Delphix. All rights reserved.
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* Copyright (c) 2014 Spectra Logic Corporation, All rights reserved.
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*/
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#ifndef _SYS_SA_IMPL_H
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#define _SYS_SA_IMPL_H
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#include <sys/dmu.h>
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#include <sys/refcount.h>
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#include <sys/list.h>
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/*
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* Array of known attributes and their
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* various characteristics.
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*/
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typedef struct sa_attr_table {
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sa_attr_type_t sa_attr;
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uint8_t sa_registered;
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uint16_t sa_length;
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sa_bswap_type_t sa_byteswap;
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char *sa_name;
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} sa_attr_table_t;
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/*
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* Zap attribute format for attribute registration
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*
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* 64 56 48 40 32 24 16 8 0
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* +-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
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* | unused | len | bswap | attr num |
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* +-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+-------+
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*
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* Zap attribute format for layout information.
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*
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* layout information is stored as an array of attribute numbers
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* The name of the attribute is the layout number (0, 1, 2, ...)
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*
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* 16 0
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* +---- ---+
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* | attr # |
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* +--------+
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* | attr # |
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* +--- ----+
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* ......
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*
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*/
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#define ATTR_BSWAP(x) BF32_GET(x, 16, 8)
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#define ATTR_LENGTH(x) BF32_GET(x, 24, 16)
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#define ATTR_NUM(x) BF32_GET(x, 0, 16)
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#define ATTR_ENCODE(x, attr, length, bswap) \
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{ \
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BF64_SET(x, 24, 16, length); \
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BF64_SET(x, 16, 8, bswap); \
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BF64_SET(x, 0, 16, attr); \
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}
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#define TOC_OFF(x) BF32_GET(x, 0, 23)
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#define TOC_ATTR_PRESENT(x) BF32_GET(x, 31, 1)
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#define TOC_LEN_IDX(x) BF32_GET(x, 24, 4)
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#define TOC_ATTR_ENCODE(x, len_idx, offset) \
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{ \
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BF32_SET(x, 31, 1, 1); \
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BF32_SET(x, 24, 7, len_idx); \
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BF32_SET(x, 0, 24, offset); \
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}
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#define SA_LAYOUTS "LAYOUTS"
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#define SA_REGISTRY "REGISTRY"
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/*
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* Each unique layout will have their own table
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* sa_lot (layout_table)
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*/
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typedef struct sa_lot {
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avl_node_t lot_num_node;
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avl_node_t lot_hash_node;
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uint64_t lot_num;
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uint64_t lot_hash;
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sa_attr_type_t *lot_attrs; /* array of attr #'s */
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uint32_t lot_var_sizes; /* how many aren't fixed size */
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uint32_t lot_attr_count; /* total attr count */
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list_t lot_idx_tab; /* should be only a couple of entries */
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int lot_instance; /* used with lot_hash to identify entry */
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} sa_lot_t;
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/* index table of offsets */
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typedef struct sa_idx_tab {
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list_node_t sa_next;
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sa_lot_t *sa_layout;
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uint16_t *sa_variable_lengths;
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refcount_t sa_refcount;
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uint32_t *sa_idx_tab; /* array of offsets */
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} sa_idx_tab_t;
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/*
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* Since the offset/index information into the actual data
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* will usually be identical we can share that information with
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* all handles that have the exact same offsets.
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*
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* You would typically only have a large number of different table of
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* contents if you had a several variable sized attributes.
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*
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* Two AVL trees are used to track the attribute layout numbers.
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* one is keyed by number and will be consulted when a DMU_OT_SA
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* object is first read. The second tree is keyed by the hash signature
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* of the attributes and will be consulted when an attribute is added
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* to determine if we already have an instance of that layout. Both
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* of these tree's are interconnected. The only difference is that
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* when an entry is found in the "hash" tree the list of attributes will
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* need to be compared against the list of attributes you have in hand.
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* The assumption is that typically attributes will just be updated and
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* adding a completely new attribute is a very rare operation.
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*/
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struct sa_os {
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kmutex_t sa_lock;
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boolean_t sa_need_attr_registration;
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boolean_t sa_force_spill;
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uint64_t sa_master_obj;
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uint64_t sa_reg_attr_obj;
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uint64_t sa_layout_attr_obj;
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int sa_num_attrs;
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sa_attr_table_t *sa_attr_table; /* private attr table */
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sa_update_cb_t *sa_update_cb;
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avl_tree_t sa_layout_num_tree; /* keyed by layout number */
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avl_tree_t sa_layout_hash_tree; /* keyed by layout hash value */
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int sa_user_table_sz;
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sa_attr_type_t *sa_user_table; /* user name->attr mapping table */
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};
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/*
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* header for all bonus and spill buffers.
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*
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* The header has a fixed portion with a variable number
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* of "lengths" depending on the number of variable sized
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* attributes which are determined by the "layout number"
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*/
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#define SA_MAGIC 0x2F505A /* ZFS SA */
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typedef struct sa_hdr_phys {
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uint32_t sa_magic;
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/*
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* Encoded with hdrsize and layout number as follows:
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* 16 10 0
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* +--------+-------+
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* | hdrsz |layout |
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* +--------+-------+
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*
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* Bits 0-10 are the layout number
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* Bits 11-16 are the size of the header.
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* The hdrsize is the number * 8
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*
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* For example.
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* hdrsz of 1 ==> 8 byte header
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* 2 ==> 16 byte header
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*
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*/
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uint16_t sa_layout_info;
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uint16_t sa_lengths[1]; /* optional sizes for variable length attrs */
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/* ... Data follows the lengths. */
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} sa_hdr_phys_t;
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#define SA_HDR_LAYOUT_NUM(hdr) BF32_GET(hdr->sa_layout_info, 0, 10)
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#define SA_HDR_SIZE(hdr) BF32_GET_SB(hdr->sa_layout_info, 10, 6, 3, 0)
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#define SA_HDR_LAYOUT_INFO_ENCODE(x, num, size) \
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{ \
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BF32_SET_SB(x, 10, 6, 3, 0, size); \
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BF32_SET(x, 0, 10, num); \
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}
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typedef enum sa_buf_type {
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SA_BONUS = 1,
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SA_SPILL = 2
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} sa_buf_type_t;
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typedef enum sa_data_op {
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SA_LOOKUP,
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SA_UPDATE,
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SA_ADD,
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SA_REPLACE,
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SA_REMOVE
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} sa_data_op_t;
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/*
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* Opaque handle used for most sa functions
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*
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* This needs to be kept as small as possible.
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*/
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struct sa_handle {
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dmu_buf_user_t sa_dbu;
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kmutex_t sa_lock;
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dmu_buf_t *sa_bonus;
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dmu_buf_t *sa_spill;
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objset_t *sa_os;
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void *sa_userp;
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sa_idx_tab_t *sa_bonus_tab; /* idx of bonus */
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sa_idx_tab_t *sa_spill_tab; /* only present if spill activated */
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};
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#define SA_GET_DB(hdl, type) \
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(dmu_buf_impl_t *)((type == SA_BONUS) ? hdl->sa_bonus : hdl->sa_spill)
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#define SA_GET_HDR(hdl, type) \
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((sa_hdr_phys_t *)((dmu_buf_impl_t *)(SA_GET_DB(hdl, \
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type))->db.db_data))
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#define SA_IDX_TAB_GET(hdl, type) \
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(type == SA_BONUS ? hdl->sa_bonus_tab : hdl->sa_spill_tab)
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#define IS_SA_BONUSTYPE(a) \
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((a == DMU_OT_SA) ? B_TRUE : B_FALSE)
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#define SA_BONUSTYPE_FROM_DB(db) \
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(dmu_get_bonustype((dmu_buf_t *)db))
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#define SA_BLKPTR_SPACE (DN_OLD_MAX_BONUSLEN - sizeof (blkptr_t))
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#define SA_LAYOUT_NUM(x, type) \
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((!IS_SA_BONUSTYPE(type) ? 0 : (((IS_SA_BONUSTYPE(type)) && \
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((SA_HDR_LAYOUT_NUM(x)) == 0)) ? 1 : SA_HDR_LAYOUT_NUM(x))))
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#define SA_REGISTERED_LEN(sa, attr) sa->sa_attr_table[attr].sa_length
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#define SA_ATTR_LEN(sa, idx, attr, hdr) ((SA_REGISTERED_LEN(sa, attr) == 0) ?\
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hdr->sa_lengths[TOC_LEN_IDX(idx->sa_idx_tab[attr])] : \
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SA_REGISTERED_LEN(sa, attr))
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#define SA_SET_HDR(hdr, num, size) \
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{ \
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hdr->sa_magic = SA_MAGIC; \
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SA_HDR_LAYOUT_INFO_ENCODE(hdr->sa_layout_info, num, size); \
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}
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#define SA_ATTR_INFO(sa, idx, hdr, attr, bulk, type, hdl) \
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{ \
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bulk.sa_size = SA_ATTR_LEN(sa, idx, attr, hdr); \
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bulk.sa_buftype = type; \
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bulk.sa_addr = \
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(void *)((uintptr_t)TOC_OFF(idx->sa_idx_tab[attr]) + \
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(uintptr_t)hdr); \
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}
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#define SA_HDR_SIZE_MATCH_LAYOUT(hdr, tb) \
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(SA_HDR_SIZE(hdr) == (sizeof (sa_hdr_phys_t) + \
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(tb->lot_var_sizes > 1 ? P2ROUNDUP((tb->lot_var_sizes - 1) * \
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sizeof (uint16_t), 8) : 0)))
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int sa_add_impl(sa_handle_t *, sa_attr_type_t,
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uint32_t, sa_data_locator_t, void *, dmu_tx_t *);
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void sa_register_update_callback_locked(objset_t *, sa_update_cb_t *);
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int sa_size_locked(sa_handle_t *, sa_attr_type_t, int *);
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void sa_default_locator(void **, uint32_t *, uint32_t, boolean_t, void *);
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int sa_attr_size(sa_os_t *, sa_idx_tab_t *, sa_attr_type_t,
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uint16_t *, sa_hdr_phys_t *);
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#ifdef __cplusplus
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extern "C" {
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#endif
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#ifdef __cplusplus
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}
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#endif
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#endif /* _SYS_SA_IMPL_H */
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