diff --git a/config/kernel-config-defined.m4 b/config/kernel-config-defined.m4
index d9f053400..54837d728 100644
--- a/config/kernel-config-defined.m4
+++ b/config/kernel-config-defined.m4
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ AC_DEFUN([ZFS_AC_KERNEL_CONFIG_DEFINED], [
 		])
 	])
 
+	ZFS_AC_KERNEL_SRC_CONFIG_MODULES
 	ZFS_AC_KERNEL_SRC_CONFIG_BLOCK
 	ZFS_AC_KERNEL_SRC_CONFIG_DEBUG_LOCK_ALLOC
 	ZFS_AC_KERNEL_SRC_CONFIG_TRIM_UNUSED_KSYMS
@@ -29,6 +30,7 @@ AC_DEFUN([ZFS_AC_KERNEL_CONFIG_DEFINED], [
 	ZFS_LINUX_TEST_COMPILE_ALL([config])
 	AC_MSG_RESULT([done])
 
+	ZFS_AC_KERNEL_CONFIG_MODULES
 	ZFS_AC_KERNEL_CONFIG_BLOCK
 	ZFS_AC_KERNEL_CONFIG_DEBUG_LOCK_ALLOC
 	ZFS_AC_KERNEL_CONFIG_TRIM_UNUSED_KSYMS
@@ -99,6 +101,61 @@ AC_DEFUN([ZFS_AC_KERNEL_CONFIG_DEBUG_LOCK_ALLOC], [
 	])
 ])
 
+dnl #
+dnl # Check CONFIG_MODULES
+dnl #
+dnl # Verify the kernel has CONFIG_MODULES support enabled.
+dnl #
+AC_DEFUN([ZFS_AC_KERNEL_SRC_CONFIG_MODULES], [
+	ZFS_LINUX_TEST_SRC([config_modules], [
+		#if !defined(CONFIG_MODULES)
+		#error CONFIG_MODULES not defined
+		#endif
+	],[])
+])
+
+AC_DEFUN([ZFS_AC_KERNEL_CONFIG_MODULES], [
+	AC_MSG_CHECKING([whether CONFIG_MODULES is defined])
+	AS_IF([test "x$enable_linux_builtin" != xyes], [
+		ZFS_LINUX_TEST_RESULT([config_modules], [
+			AC_MSG_RESULT([yes])
+		],[
+			AC_MSG_RESULT([no])
+			AC_MSG_ERROR([
+		*** This kernel does not include the required loadable module
+		*** support!
+		***
+		*** To build OpenZFS as a loadable Linux kernel module
+		*** enable loadable module support by setting
+		*** `CONFIG_MODULES=y` in the kernel configuration and run
+		*** `make modules_prepare` in the Linux source tree.
+		***
+		*** If you don't intend to enable loadable kernel module
+		*** support, please compile OpenZFS as a Linux kernel built-in.
+		***
+		*** Prepare the Linux source tree by running `make prepare`,
+		*** use the OpenZFS `--enable-linux-builtin` configure option,
+		*** copy the OpenZFS sources into the Linux source tree using
+		*** `./copy-builtin <linux source directory>`,
+		*** set `CONFIG_ZFS=y` in the kernel configuration and compile
+		*** kernel as usual.
+			])
+		])
+	], [
+		ZFS_LINUX_TRY_COMPILE([], [], [
+			AC_MSG_RESULT([not needed])
+		],[
+			AC_MSG_RESULT([error])
+			AC_MSG_ERROR([
+		*** This kernel is unable to compile object files.
+		***
+		*** Please make sure you prepared the Linux source tree
+		*** by running `make prepare` there.
+			])
+		])
+	])
+])
+
 dnl #
 dnl # Check CONFIG_TRIM_UNUSED_KSYMS
 dnl #
diff --git a/config/kernel.m4 b/config/kernel.m4
index 7cf181beb..2a552431a 100644
--- a/config/kernel.m4
+++ b/config/kernel.m4
@@ -8,8 +8,8 @@ AC_DEFUN([ZFS_AC_CONFIG_KERNEL], [
 		ZFS_AC_QAT
 
 		dnl # Sanity checks for module building and CONFIG_* defines
-		ZFS_AC_KERNEL_TEST_MODULE
 		ZFS_AC_KERNEL_CONFIG_DEFINED
+		ZFS_AC_MODULE_SYMVERS
 
 		dnl # Sequential ZFS_LINUX_TRY_COMPILE tests
 		ZFS_AC_KERNEL_FPU_HEADER
@@ -445,8 +445,6 @@ AC_DEFUN([ZFS_AC_KERNEL], [
 	AC_SUBST(LINUX)
 	AC_SUBST(LINUX_OBJ)
 	AC_SUBST(LINUX_VERSION)
-
-	ZFS_AC_MODULE_SYMVERS
 ])
 
 dnl #
@@ -541,27 +539,6 @@ AC_DEFUN([ZFS_AC_QAT], [
 	])
 ])
 
-dnl #
-dnl # Basic toolchain sanity check.
-dnl #
-AC_DEFUN([ZFS_AC_KERNEL_TEST_MODULE], [
-	AC_MSG_CHECKING([whether modules can be built])
-	ZFS_LINUX_TRY_COMPILE([], [], [
-		AC_MSG_RESULT([yes])
-	],[
-		AC_MSG_RESULT([no])
-		if test "x$enable_linux_builtin" != xyes; then
-			AC_MSG_ERROR([
-	*** Unable to build an empty module.
-			])
-		else
-			AC_MSG_ERROR([
-	*** Unable to build an empty module.
-	*** Please run 'make scripts' inside the kernel source tree.])
-		fi
-	])
-])
-
 dnl #
 dnl # ZFS_LINUX_CONFTEST_H
 dnl #
@@ -664,8 +641,10 @@ AC_DEFUN([ZFS_LINUX_COMPILE], [
 		build kernel modules with LLVM/CLANG toolchain])
 	AC_TRY_COMMAND([
 	    KBUILD_MODPOST_NOFINAL="$5" KBUILD_MODPOST_WARN="$6"
-	    make modules -k -j$TEST_JOBS ${KERNEL_CC:+CC=$KERNEL_CC} ${KERNEL_LD:+LD=$KERNEL_LD} ${KERNEL_LLVM:+LLVM=$KERNEL_LLVM} -C $LINUX_OBJ $ARCH_UM
-	    M=$PWD/$1 >$1/build.log 2>&1])
+	    make modules -k -j$TEST_JOBS ${KERNEL_CC:+CC=$KERNEL_CC}
+	    ${KERNEL_LD:+LD=$KERNEL_LD} ${KERNEL_LLVM:+LLVM=$KERNEL_LLVM}
+	    CONFIG_MODULES=y CFLAGS_MODULE=-DCONFIG_MODULES
+	    -C $LINUX_OBJ $ARCH_UM M=$PWD/$1 >$1/build.log 2>&1])
 	AS_IF([AC_TRY_COMMAND([$2])], [$3], [$4])
 ])