OpenZFS 4185 - add new cryptographic checksums to ZFS: SHA-512, Skein, Edon-R

Reviewed by: George Wilson <george.wilson@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Prakash Surya <prakash.surya@delphix.com>
Reviewed by: Saso Kiselkov <saso.kiselkov@nexenta.com>
Reviewed by: Richard Lowe <richlowe@richlowe.net>
Approved by: Garrett D'Amore <garrett@damore.org>
Ported by: Tony Hutter <hutter2@llnl.gov>

OpenZFS-issue: https://www.illumos.org/issues/4185
OpenZFS-commit: https://github.com/openzfs/openzfs/commit/45818ee

Porting Notes:
This code is ported on top of the Illumos Crypto Framework code:

    https://github.com/zfsonlinux/zfs/pull/4329/commits/b5e030c8dbb9cd393d313571dee4756fbba8c22d

The list of porting changes includes:

- Copied module/icp/include/sha2/sha2.h directly from illumos

- Removed from module/icp/algs/sha2/sha2.c:
	#pragma inline(SHA256Init, SHA384Init, SHA512Init)

- Added 'ctx' to lib/libzfs/libzfs_sendrecv.c:zio_checksum_SHA256() since
  it now takes in an extra parameter.

- Added CTASSERT() to assert.h from for module/zfs/edonr_zfs.c

- Added skein & edonr to libicp/Makefile.am

- Added sha512.S.  It was generated from sha512-x86_64.pl in Illumos.

- Updated ztest.c with new fletcher_4_*() args; used NULL for new CTX argument.

- In icp/algs/edonr/edonr_byteorder.h, Removed the #if defined(__linux) section
  to not #include the non-existant endian.h.

- In skein_test.c, renane NULL to 0 in "no test vector" array entries to get
  around a compiler warning.

- Fixup test files:
	- Rename <sys/varargs.h> -> <varargs.h>, <strings.h> -> <string.h>,
	- Remove <note.h> and define NOTE() as NOP.
	- Define u_longlong_t
	- Rename "#!/usr/bin/ksh" -> "#!/bin/ksh -p"
	- Rename NULL to 0 in "no test vector" array entries to get around a
	  compiler warning.
	- Remove "for isa in $($ISAINFO); do" stuff
	- Add/update Makefiles
	- Add some userspace headers like stdio.h/stdlib.h in places of
	  sys/types.h.

- EXPORT_SYMBOL *_Init/*_Update/*_Final... routines in ICP modules.

- Update scripts/zfs2zol-patch.sed

- include <sys/sha2.h> in sha2_impl.h

- Add sha2.h to include/sys/Makefile.am

- Add skein and edonr dirs to icp Makefile

- Add new checksums to zpool_get.cfg

- Move checksum switch block from zfs_secpolicy_setprop() to
  zfs_check_settable()

- Fix -Wuninitialized error in edonr_byteorder.h on PPC

- Fix stack frame size errors on ARM32
  	- Don't unroll loops in Skein on 32-bit to save stack space
  	- Add memory barriers in sha2.c on 32-bit to save stack space

- Add filetest_001_pos.ksh checksum sanity test

- Add option to write psudorandom data in file_write utility

include/sys/edonr.h

@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+/*
+ * IDI,NTNU
+ *
+ * CDDL HEADER START
+ *
+ * The contents of this file are subject to the terms of the
+ * Common Development and Distribution License (the "License").
+ * You may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ *
+ * You can obtain a copy of the license at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE
+ * or http://opensource.org/licenses/CDDL-1.0.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions
+ * and limitations under the License.
+ *
+ * When distributing Covered Code, include this CDDL HEADER in each
+ * file and include the License file at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE.
+ * If applicable, add the following below this CDDL HEADER, with the
+ * fields enclosed by brackets "[]" replaced with your own identifying
+ * information: Portions Copyright [yyyy] [name of copyright owner]
+ *
+ * CDDL HEADER END
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2009, 2010, Jorn Amundsen <jorn.amundsen@ntnu.no>
+ *
+ * Tweaked Edon-R implementation for SUPERCOP, based on NIST API.
+ *
+ * $Id: edonr.h 517 2013-02-17 20:34:39Z joern $
+ */
+/*
+ * Portions copyright (c) 2013, Saso Kiselkov, All rights reserved
+ */
+
+#ifndef	_SYS_EDONR_H_
+#define	_SYS_EDONR_H_
+
+#ifdef	__cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+#ifdef  _KERNEL
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#else
+#include <stdint.h> /* uint32_t... */
+#include <stdlib.h> /* size_t ... */
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * EdonR allows to call EdonRUpdate() consecutively only if the total length
+ * of stored unprocessed data and the new supplied data is less than or equal
+ * to the BLOCK_SIZE on which the compression functions operates.
+ * Otherwise an assertion failure is invoked.
+ */
+
+/* Specific algorithm definitions */
+#define	EdonR224_DIGEST_SIZE	28
+#define	EdonR224_BLOCK_SIZE	64
+#define	EdonR256_DIGEST_SIZE	32
+#define	EdonR256_BLOCK_SIZE	64
+#define	EdonR384_DIGEST_SIZE	48
+#define	EdonR384_BLOCK_SIZE	128
+#define	EdonR512_DIGEST_SIZE	64
+#define	EdonR512_BLOCK_SIZE	128
+
+#define	EdonR256_BLOCK_BITSIZE	512
+#define	EdonR512_BLOCK_BITSIZE	1024
+
+typedef struct {
+	uint32_t DoublePipe[16];
+	uint8_t LastPart[EdonR256_BLOCK_SIZE * 2];
+} EdonRData256;
+typedef struct {
+	uint64_t DoublePipe[16];
+	uint8_t LastPart[EdonR512_BLOCK_SIZE * 2];
+} EdonRData512;
+
+typedef struct {
+	size_t hashbitlen;
+
+	/* + algorithm specific parameters */
+	int unprocessed_bits;
+	uint64_t bits_processed;
+	union {
+		EdonRData256 p256[1];
+		EdonRData512 p512[1];
+	} pipe[1];
+} EdonRState;
+
+void EdonRInit(EdonRState *state, size_t hashbitlen);
+void EdonRUpdate(EdonRState *state, const uint8_t *data, size_t databitlen);
+void EdonRFinal(EdonRState *state, uint8_t *hashval);
+void EdonRHash(size_t hashbitlen, const uint8_t *data, size_t databitlen,
+    uint8_t *hashval);
+
+#ifdef	__cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif	/* _SYS_EDONR_H_ */