OpenZFS 7004 - dmu_tx_hold_zap() does dnode_hold() 7x on same object

Using a benchmark which has 32 threads creating 2 million files in the
same directory, on a machine with 16 CPU cores, I observed poor
performance. I noticed that dmu_tx_hold_zap() was using about 30% of
all CPU, and doing dnode_hold() 7 times on the same object (the ZAP
object that is being held).

dmu_tx_hold_zap() keeps a hold on the dnode_t the entire time it is
running, in dmu_tx_hold_t:txh_dnode, so it would be nice to use the
dnode_t that we already have in hand, rather than repeatedly calling
dnode_hold(). To do this, we need to pass the dnode_t down through
all the intermediate calls that dmu_tx_hold_zap() makes, making these
routines take the dnode_t* rather than an objset_t* and a uint64_t
object number. In particular, the following routines will need to have
analogous *_by_dnode() variants created:

dmu_buf_hold_noread()
dmu_buf_hold()
zap_lookup()
zap_lookup_norm()
zap_count_write()
zap_lockdir()
zap_count_write()

This can improve performance on the benchmark described above by 100%,
from 30,000 file creations per second to 60,000. (This improvement is on
top of that provided by working around the object allocation issue. Peak
performance of ~90,000 creations per second was observed with 8 CPUs;
adding CPUs past that decreased performance due to lock contention.) The
CPU used by dmu_tx_hold_zap() was reduced by 88%, from 340 CPU-seconds
to 40 CPU-seconds.

Sponsored by: Intel Corp.

Signed-off-by: Matthew Ahrens <mahrens@delphix.com>
Signed-off-by: Ned Bass <bass6@llnl.gov>
Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>

OpenZFS-issue: https://www.illumos.org/issues/7004
OpenZFS-commit: https://github.com/openzfs/openzfs/pull/109
Closes #4641
Closes #4972

include/sys/dmu.h

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
  */
 /*
  * Copyright (c) 2005, 2010, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
- * Copyright (c) 2011, 2014 by Delphix. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2011, 2016 by Delphix. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright 2011 Nexenta Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright (c) 2012, Joyent, Inc. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright 2014 HybridCluster. All rights reserved.
@@ -73,6 +73,7 @@ struct sa_handle;
 typedef struct objset objset_t;
 typedef struct dmu_tx dmu_tx_t;
 typedef struct dsl_dir dsl_dir_t;
+typedef struct dnode dnode_t;
 
 typedef enum dmu_object_byteswap {
 	DMU_BSWAP_UINT8,
@@ -420,7 +421,7 @@ dmu_write_embedded(objset_t *os, uint64_t object, uint64_t offset,
 #define	WP_DMU_SYNC	0x2
 #define	WP_SPILL	0x4
 
-void dmu_write_policy(objset_t *os, struct dnode *dn, int level, int wp,
+void dmu_write_policy(objset_t *os, dnode_t *dn, int level, int wp,
     struct zio_prop *zp);
 /*
  * The bonus data is accessed more or less like a regular buffer.
@@ -446,7 +447,7 @@ int dmu_rm_spill(objset_t *, uint64_t, dmu_tx_t *);
  */
 
 int dmu_spill_hold_by_bonus(dmu_buf_t *bonus, void *tag, dmu_buf_t **dbp);
-int dmu_spill_hold_by_dnode(struct dnode *dn, uint32_t flags,
+int dmu_spill_hold_by_dnode(dnode_t *dn, uint32_t flags,
     void *tag, dmu_buf_t **dbp);
 int dmu_spill_hold_existing(dmu_buf_t *bonus, void *tag, dmu_buf_t **dbp);
 
@@ -466,6 +467,8 @@ int dmu_spill_hold_existing(dmu_buf_t *bonus, void *tag, dmu_buf_t **dbp);
  */
 int dmu_buf_hold(objset_t *os, uint64_t object, uint64_t offset,
     void *tag, dmu_buf_t **, int flags);
+int dmu_buf_hold_by_dnode(dnode_t *dn, uint64_t offset,
+    void *tag, dmu_buf_t **dbp, int flags);
 
 /*
  * Add a reference to a dmu buffer that has already been held via
@@ -620,6 +623,8 @@ void *dmu_buf_remove_user(dmu_buf_t *db, dmu_buf_user_t *user);
 void *dmu_buf_get_user(dmu_buf_t *db);
 
 objset_t *dmu_buf_get_objset(dmu_buf_t *db);
+dnode_t *dmu_buf_dnode_enter(dmu_buf_t *db);
+void dmu_buf_dnode_exit(dmu_buf_t *db);
 
 /* Block until any in-progress dmu buf user evictions complete. */
 void dmu_buf_user_evict_wait(void);
@@ -799,7 +804,7 @@ extern const dmu_object_byteswap_info_t dmu_ot_byteswap[DMU_BSWAP_NUMFUNCS];
 int dmu_object_info(objset_t *os, uint64_t object, dmu_object_info_t *doi);
 void __dmu_object_info_from_dnode(struct dnode *dn, dmu_object_info_t *doi);
 /* Like dmu_object_info, but faster if you have a held dnode in hand. */
-void dmu_object_info_from_dnode(struct dnode *dn, dmu_object_info_t *doi);
+void dmu_object_info_from_dnode(dnode_t *dn, dmu_object_info_t *doi);
 /* Like dmu_object_info, but faster if you have a held dbuf in hand. */
 void dmu_object_info_from_db(dmu_buf_t *db, dmu_object_info_t *doi);
 /*

include/sys/dnode.h

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
  */
 /*
  * Copyright (c) 2005, 2010, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
- * Copyright (c) 2012, 2014 by Delphix. All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (c) 2012, 2016 by Delphix. All rights reserved.
  * Copyright (c) 2014 Spectra Logic Corporation, All rights reserved.
  */
 
@@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ typedef struct dnode_phys {
 #define	DN_SPILL_BLKPTR(dnp)	(blkptr_t *)((char *)(dnp) + \
 	(((dnp)->dn_extra_slots + 1) << DNODE_SHIFT) - (1 << SPA_BLKPTRSHIFT))
 
-typedef struct dnode {
+struct dnode {
 	/*
 	 * Protects the structure of the dnode, including the number of levels
 	 * of indirection (dn_nlevels), dn_maxblkid, and dn_next_*
@@ -286,7 +286,7 @@ typedef struct dnode {
 
 	/* holds prefetch structure */
 	struct zfetch	dn_zfetch;
-} dnode_t;
+};
 
 /*
  * Adds a level of indirection between the dbuf and the dnode to avoid

include/sys/zap.h

@@ -236,7 +236,14 @@ int zap_prefetch(objset_t *os, uint64_t zapobj, const char *name);
 int zap_prefetch_uint64(objset_t *os, uint64_t zapobj, const uint64_t *key,
     int key_numints);
 
-int zap_count_write(objset_t *os, uint64_t zapobj, const char *name,
+int zap_lookup_by_dnode(dnode_t *dn, const char *name,
+    uint64_t integer_size, uint64_t num_integers, void *buf);
+int zap_lookup_norm_by_dnode(dnode_t *dn, const char *name,
+    uint64_t integer_size, uint64_t num_integers, void *buf,
+    matchtype_t mt, char *realname, int rn_len,
+    boolean_t *ncp);
+
+int zap_count_write_by_dnode(dnode_t *dn, const char *name,
     int add, uint64_t *towrite, uint64_t *tooverwrite);
 
 /*