Improve AF hard disk detection

Use the bdev_physical_block_size() interface to determine the
minimize write size which can be issued without incurring a
read-modify-write operation.  This is used to set the ashift
correctly to prevent a performance penalty when using AF hard
disks.

Unfortunately, this interface isn't entirely reliable because
it's not uncommon for disks to misreport this value.  For this
reason you may still need to manually set your ashift with:

  zpool create -o ashift=12 ...

The solution to this in the upstream Illumos source was to add
a white list of known offending drives.  Maintaining such a list
will be a burden, but it still may be worth doing if we can
detect a large number of these drives.  This should be considered
as future work.

Reported-by: Richard Yao <ryao@cs.stonybrook.edu>
Signed-off-by: Brian Behlendorf <behlendorf1@llnl.gov>
Closes #916

config/kernel-bdev-physical-size.m4

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+dnl #
+dnl # 2.6.30 API change
+dnl #
+dnl # The bdev_physical_block_size() interface was added to provide a way
+dnl # to determine the smallest write which can be performed without a
+dnl # read-modify-write operation.  From the kernel documentation:
+dnl #
+dnl # What:          /sys/block/<disk>/queue/physical_block_size
+dnl # Date:          May 2009
+dnl # Contact:       Martin K. Petersen <martin.petersen@oracle.com>
+dnl # Description:
+dnl #                This is the smallest unit the storage device can write
+dnl #                without resorting to read-modify-write operation.  It is
+dnl #                usually the same as the logical block size but may be
+dnl #                bigger.  One example is SATA drives with 4KB sectors
+dnl #                that expose a 512-byte logical block size to the
+dnl #                operating system.
+dnl #
+dnl # Unfortunately, this interface isn't entirely reliable because
+dnl # drives are sometimes known to misreport this value.
+dnl #
+AC_DEFUN([ZFS_AC_KERNEL_BDEV_PHYSICAL_BLOCK_SIZE], [
+	AC_MSG_CHECKING([whether bdev_physical_block_size() is available])
+	tmp_flags="$EXTRA_KCFLAGS"
+	EXTRA_KCFLAGS="-Wno-unused-but-set-variable"
+	ZFS_LINUX_TRY_COMPILE([
+		#include <linux/blkdev.h>
+	],[
+		struct block_device *bdev = NULL;
+		bdev_physical_block_size(bdev);
+	],[
+		AC_MSG_RESULT(yes)
+		AC_DEFINE(HAVE_BDEV_PHYSICAL_BLOCK_SIZE, 1,
+		          [bdev_physical_block_size() is available])
+	],[
+		AC_MSG_RESULT(no)
+	])
+	EXTRA_KCFLAGS="$tmp_flags"
+])

config/kernel.m4

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ AC_DEFUN([ZFS_AC_CONFIG_KERNEL], [
 	ZFS_AC_KERNEL_OPEN_BDEV_EXCLUSIVE
 	ZFS_AC_KERNEL_INVALIDATE_BDEV_ARGS
 	ZFS_AC_KERNEL_BDEV_LOGICAL_BLOCK_SIZE
+	ZFS_AC_KERNEL_BDEV_PHYSICAL_BLOCK_SIZE
 	ZFS_AC_KERNEL_BIO_EMPTY_BARRIER
 	ZFS_AC_KERNEL_BIO_FAILFAST
 	ZFS_AC_KERNEL_BIO_FAILFAST_DTD

include/linux/blkdev_compat.h

@@ -394,13 +394,27 @@ bio_set_flags_failfast(struct block_device *bdev, int *flags)
 
 /*
  * 2.6.30 API change
- * Change to make it explicit there this is the logical block size.
+ * To ensure good performance preferentially use the physical block size
+ * for proper alignment.  The physical size is supposed to be the internal
+ * sector size used by the device.  This is often 4096 byte for AF devices,
+ * while a smaller 512 byte logical size is supported for compatibility.
+ *
+ * Unfortunately, many drives still misreport their physical sector size.
+ * For devices which are known to lie you may need to manually set this
+ * at pool creation time with 'zpool create -o ashift=12 ...'.
+ *
+ * When the physical block size interface isn't available, we fall back to
+ * the logical block size interface and then the older hard sector size.
  */
-#ifdef HAVE_BDEV_LOGICAL_BLOCK_SIZE
+#ifdef HAVE_BDEV_PHYSICAL_BLOCK_SIZE
-# define vdev_bdev_block_size(bdev)	bdev_logical_block_size(bdev)
+# define vdev_bdev_block_size(bdev)	bdev_physical_block_size(bdev)
 #else
-# define vdev_bdev_block_size(bdev)	bdev_hardsect_size(bdev)
+# ifdef HAVE_BDEV_LOGICAL_BLOCK_SIZE
-#endif
+#  define vdev_bdev_block_size(bdev)	bdev_logical_block_size(bdev)
+# else
+#  define vdev_bdev_block_size(bdev)	bdev_hardsect_size(bdev)
+# endif /* HAVE_BDEV_LOGICAL_BLOCK_SIZE */
+#endif /* HAVE_BDEV_PHYSICAL_BLOCK_SIZE */
 
 /*
  * 2.6.37 API change