diff --git a/case_switch/alt/tolower_unicode.c b/case_switch/alt/tolower_unicode.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ec1ec44
--- /dev/null
+++ b/case_switch/alt/tolower_unicode.c
@@ -0,0 +1,397 @@
+/* This software is licensed by the MIT License, see LICENSE file */
+/*                                Copyright © 2022 Gregory Lirent */
+
+#include "../../build.h"
+
+static unsigned int tolower_latin_extended_a(unsigned int uc) { // 0x0100—0x017f
+
+    if ( ( ( (uc >= 0x0100 && uc <= 0x0137) ||
+             (uc >= 0x014a && uc <= 0x0177) ) && !(uc&1) ) ||
+         ( ( (uc >= 0x0139 && uc <= 0x0148) ||
+             (uc >= 0x0179 && uc <= 0x017e) ) &&  (uc&1) )
+    ) return uc + 1;
+
+    switch (uc) { default: break;
+        case 0x0178: return 0x00ff;
+    }
+
+    return uc;
+}
+
+static unsigned int tolower_latin_extended_b(unsigned int uc) { // 0x0180—0x024f
+  #ifndef LATIN_EXTENDED_B_DISABLE
+    if ( ( ( (uc >= 0x01a0 && uc <= 0x01a5) ||
+             (uc >= 0x01de && uc <= 0x01ef) ||
+             (uc >= 0x01f8 && uc <= 0x01ff) ||
+             (uc >= 0x0200 && uc <= 0x021b) ||
+             (uc >= 0x0222 && uc <= 0x0233) ||
+             (uc >= 0x0246 && uc <= 0x024f) ) && !(uc&1) ) ||
+         ( ( (uc >= 0x0189 && uc <= 0x0192) ||
+             (uc >= 0x01cd && uc <= 0x01dc) ) &&  (uc&1) )
+    ) return uc + 1;
+
+    switch (uc) { default: break;
+        case 0x01c4:
+        case 0x01c5: return 0x01c6;
+        case 0x01c7:
+        case 0x01c8: return 0x01c9;
+        case 0x01ca:
+        case 0x01cb: return 0x01cc;
+        case 0x01f1:
+        case 0x01f2: return 0x01f3;
+
+        case 0x01a8:
+        case 0x01ac:
+        case 0x01af:
+        case 0x01b3:
+        case 0x01b5:
+        case 0x01b8:
+        case 0x01bc:
+        case 0x0182:
+        case 0x0184:
+        case 0x0187:
+        case 0x0198:
+        case 0x01f4:
+        case 0x021c:
+        case 0x021e:
+        case 0x023b:
+        case 0x023e:
+        case 0x0241: return uc + 1;
+
+        case 0x018e: return 0x01dd;
+        case 0x01f6: return 0x0195;
+        case 0x0220: return 0x019e;
+        case 0x023d: return 0x019a;
+        case 0x0243: return 0x0180;
+  #ifndef IPA_EXTENSIONS_DISABLE
+        case 0x0181: return 0x0253;
+        case 0x0186: return 0x0254;
+        case 0x0190: return 0x025b;
+        case 0x0193: return 0x0260;
+        case 0x0194: return 0x0263;
+        case 0x0196: return 0x0269;
+        case 0x0197: return 0x0268;
+        case 0x019c: return 0x026f;
+        case 0x019d: return 0x0272;
+        case 0x019f: return 0x0275;
+        case 0x01a6: return 0x0280;
+        case 0x01a9: return 0x0283;
+        case 0x01ae: return 0x0288;
+        case 0x01b1: return 0x028a;
+        case 0x01b2: return 0x028b;
+        case 0x01b7: return 0x0292;
+        case 0x01bf: return 0x0259;
+        case 0x01f7: return 0x02bf;
+        case 0x0244: return 0x0289;
+        case 0x0245: return 0x028c;
+  #endif
+  #ifndef LATIN_EXTENDED_C_DISABLE
+        case 0x023a: return 0x2c65;
+  #endif
+    }
+  #endif
+
+    return uc;
+}
+
+static unsigned int tolower_latin_extended_c(unsigned int uc) { // 0x2c60—0x2c7f
+  #ifndef LATIN_EXTENDED_C_DISABLE
+    if ( (uc >= 0x2c67 && uc <= 0x2c6c) && (uc&1) )
+        return uc + 1;
+
+    switch (uc) { default: break;
+
+        case 0x2c72:
+        case 0x2c60: return uc + 1;
+
+  #ifndef IPA_EXTENSIONS_DISABLE
+        case 0x2c62: return 0x026b;
+        case 0x2c64: return 0x027d;
+        case 0x2c6d: return 0x0251;
+        case 0x2c6e: return 0x0271;
+        case 0x2c6f: return 0x0250;
+        case 0x2c70: return 0x0252;
+  #endif
+  #ifndef PHONETIC_EXTENSIONS_DISABLE
+        case 0x2c63: return 0x1d7d;
+  #endif
+  #ifndef LATIN_EXTENDED_B_DISABLE
+        case 0x2c7e: return 0x023f;
+        case 0x2c7f: return 0x0240;
+  #endif
+    }
+  #endif
+
+    return uc;
+}
+
+static unsigned int tolower_latin_extended_d(unsigned int uc) { // 0xa720—0xa7ff
+  #ifndef LATIN_EXTENDED_D_DISABLE
+    if ( ( ( (uc >= 0xa796 && uc <= 0xa7a9) ||
+             (uc >= 0xa7b4 && uc <= 0xa7bf) ||
+             (uc >= 0xa722 && uc <= 0xa72f) ||
+             (uc >= 0xa732 && uc <= 0xa76f) ||
+             (uc >= 0xa77e && uc <= 0xa787) ) && !(uc&1) )
+    ) return uc + 1;
+
+    switch (uc) { default: break;
+
+        case 0xa779:
+        case 0xa77b:
+        case 0xa790:
+        case 0xa792:
+        case 0xa7c2:
+        case 0xa7c7:
+        case 0xa7c9: return uc + 1;
+
+  #ifndef PHONETIC_EXTENSIONS_DISABLE
+        case 0xa77d: return 0x1d79;
+  #endif
+  #ifndef IPA_EXTENSIONS_DISABLE
+        case 0xa78d: return 0x0265;
+        case 0xa7aa: return 0x0266;
+        case 0xa7ab: return 0x025c;
+        case 0xa7ac: return 0x0261;
+        case 0xa7ad: return 0x026c;
+        case 0xa7ae: return 0x026a;
+        case 0xa7b1: return 0x0287;
+        case 0xa7b2: return 0x029d;
+        case 0xa7b0: return 0x029e;
+  #endif
+  #ifndef LATIN_EXTENDED_E_DISABLE
+        case 0xa7b3: return 0xab53;
+  #endif
+    }
+  #endif
+
+    return uc;
+}
+
+static unsigned int tolower_latin_extended_additional(unsigned int uc) { // 0x1e00-0x1eff
+  #ifndef LATIN_EXTENDED_ADDITIONAL_DISABLE
+    if ( ( ( (uc >= 0x1e00 && uc <= 0x1e95) ||
+             (uc >= 0x1ea0 && uc <= 0x1eff) ) && !(uc&1) )
+    ) return uc + 1;
+
+    switch (uc) { default: break;
+        case 0x1e9e: return 0x00df;
+    }
+  #endif
+
+    return uc;
+}
+
+static unsigned int tolower_greek_and_coptic(unsigned int uc) { //  0x0370-0x03ff
+
+    if ((uc >= 0x0391 && uc <= 0x03a1) || (uc >= 0x03a4 && uc <= 0x03ab)) {
+        return uc + 0x20;
+    }
+
+    if (uc >= 0x03d8 && uc <= 0x03ef && !(uc&1)) {
+        return uc + 1;
+    }
+
+    switch (uc) { default: return uc;
+        case 0x0388:
+        case 0x0389:
+        case 0x038a: return uc + 0x25;
+
+        case 0x038e:
+        case 0x038f: --uc;
+        case 0x038c: return uc + 0x40;
+
+        case 0x03fd:
+        case 0x03fe:
+        case 0x03ff: return uc - 0x82;
+
+        case 0x0370:
+        case 0x0372:
+        case 0x0376:
+        case 0x03f7:
+        case 0x03fa: return uc + 1;
+
+        case 0x037f: return 0x03f3;
+        case 0x0386: return 0x03ac;
+        case 0x03f9: return 0x03f2;
+        case 0x03f4: return 0x03b8;
+        case 0x03a3: return 0x03c3;
+    }
+}
+
+static unsigned int tolower_greek_extended(unsigned int uc) { // 0x1f00-0x1fff
+  #ifndef GREEK_EXTENDED_DISABLE
+    if (((uc >= 0x1f00 && uc <= 0x1f6f) || (uc >= 0x1f80 && uc <= 0x1faf)) && (uc&0x08)) {
+        switch (uc) { default: break;
+            case 0x1f1e:
+            case 0x1f1f:
+            case 0x1f4e:
+            case 0x1f4f:
+            case 0x1f58:
+            case 0x1f5a:
+            case 0x1f5c:
+            case 0x1f5e: return uc;
+        }
+
+        return uc ^ 0x08;
+    }
+
+    switch (uc) { default: break;
+
+        case 0x1fba:
+        case 0x1fbb: return uc - 0x4a;
+
+        case 0x1fc8:
+        case 0x1fc9:
+        case 0x1fca:
+        case 0x1fcb: return uc - 0x56;
+
+        case 0x1fda:
+        case 0x1fdb: return uc - 0x64;
+
+        case 0x1fea:
+        case 0x1feb: uc ^= 0x10;
+        case 0x1ff8:
+        case 0x1ff9: return uc ^ 0x80;
+
+        case 0x1fb8:
+        case 0x1fb9:
+        case 0x1fe8:
+        case 0x1fe9:
+        case 0x1fd8:
+        case 0x1fd9: return uc ^ 0x08;
+
+        case 0x1ffa:
+        case 0x1ffb: return uc - 0x7e;
+
+        case 0x1fec: uc += 2;
+        case 0x1fcc:
+        case 0x1ffc: return uc - 0x09;
+    }
+  #endif
+
+    return uc;
+}
+
+static unsigned int tolower_exclusions(unsigned int uc) {
+
+    switch (uc) { default: break;
+        case 0x04c0: return 0x04cf;
+
+        case 0x1cbd: return 0x10fd;
+        case 0x1cbe: return 0x10fe;
+        case 0x1cbf: return 0x10ff;
+  #ifndef COPTIC_DISABLE
+        case 0x2cf2:
+        case 0x2ceb:
+        case 0x2ced: return uc + 1;
+  #endif
+    }
+
+    if (uc >= 0x0460 && uc <= 0x0481 && !(uc&1)) { // Cyrillic
+        return uc + 1;
+    }
+
+    if (uc >= 0x048a && uc <= 0x04bf && !(uc&1)) { // Cyrillic
+        return uc + 1;
+    }
+
+    if (uc >= 0x04c1 && uc <= 0x04ce && (uc&1)) { // Cyrillic
+        return uc + 1;
+    }
+
+    if (uc >= 0x04d0 && uc <= 0x04ff && !(uc&1)) { // Cyrillic
+        return uc + 1;
+    }
+  #ifndef CYRILLIC_SUPLEMENT_DISABLE
+    if (uc >= 0x0500 && uc <= 0x052f && !(uc&1)) { // Cyrillic Supplement
+        return uc + 1;
+    }
+  #endif
+  #ifndef CYRILLIC_EXTENDED_B_DISABLE
+    if (uc >= 0xa640 && uc <= 0xa66d && !(uc&1)) { // Cyrillic Extended-B
+        return uc + 1;
+    }
+
+    if (uc >= 0xa680 && uc <= 0xa69b && !(uc&1)) { // Cyrillic Extended-B
+        return uc + 1;
+    }
+  #endif
+
+    if (uc >= 0x0531 && uc <= 0x0556) { // Armenian
+        return uc + 0x30;
+    }
+
+    if ((uc >= 0x10a0 && uc <= 0x10c5) || uc == 0x10c7 || uc == 0x10cd) { // Georgian
+        return uc + 0x1c60;
+    }
+
+    if (uc >= 0x1c90 && uc <= 0x1cba) { // Georgian Extended
+        return uc - 0x0bc0;
+    }
+  #ifndef CHEROKEE_DISABLE
+    if (uc >= 0x13a0 && uc <= 0x13ef) { // Cherokee
+        return uc + 0x97d0;
+    }
+    if (uc >= 0x13f0 && uc <= 0x13f5) { // Cherokee
+        return uc | 0x08;
+    }
+  #endif
+  #ifndef GLAGOLITIC_DISABLE
+    if (uc >= 0x2c00 && uc <= 0x2c2e) { // Glagolitic
+        return uc + 0x30;
+    }
+  #endif
+  #ifndef COPTIC_DISABLE
+    if (uc >= 0x2c80 && uc <= 0x2ce3 && !(uc&1)) { // Coptic
+        return uc + 1;
+    }
+  #endif
+  #ifndef DESERET_DISABLE
+    if (uc >= 0x10400 && uc <= 0x10427) { // Deseret
+        return uc + 0x28;
+    }
+  #endif
+  #ifndef OSAGE_DISABLE
+    if (uc >= 0x104b0 && uc <= 0x104d3) { // Osage
+        return uc + 0x28;
+    }
+  #endif
+  #ifndef OLD_HUNGARIAN_DISABLE
+    if (uc >= 0x10c80 && uc <= 0x10cb2) { // Old Hungarian
+        return uc | 0x40;
+    }
+  #endif
+  #ifndef WARANG_CITI_DISABLE
+    if (uc >= 0x118a0 && uc <= 0x118bf) { // Warang Citi
+        return uc | 0x60;
+    }
+  #endif
+
+    return uc;
+}
+
+unsigned int tolower_unicode(unsigned int uc) {
+
+    if (uc >= 0x41 && uc <= 0x5a || (uc >= 0xc0 && uc <= 0xde && uc != 0xd7)) {
+        return uc | 0x20;
+    }
+
+    if (uc >= 0x0410 && uc <= 0x042f) { // Cyrillic
+        return uc + 0x20;
+    }
+
+    if (uc >= 0x0400 && uc <= 0x040f) {  // Cyrillic
+        return uc + 0x50;
+    }
+
+    if (uc >= 0x0370 && uc <= 0x03ff) return tolower_greek_and_coptic(uc);
+    if (uc >= 0x1f00 && uc <= 0x1fff) return tolower_greek_extended(uc);
+
+    if (uc >= 0x0100 && uc <= 0x017f) return tolower_latin_extended_a(uc);
+    if (uc >= 0x0180 && uc <= 0x024f) return tolower_latin_extended_b(uc);
+    if (uc >= 0x2c60 && uc <= 0x2c7f) return tolower_latin_extended_c(uc);
+    if (uc >= 0xa720 && uc <= 0xa7ff) return tolower_latin_extended_d(uc);
+    if (uc >= 0x1e00 && uc <= 0x1eff) return tolower_latin_extended_additional(uc);
+
+    return tolower_exclusions(uc);
+}
diff --git a/case_switch/alt/toupper_unicode.c b/case_switch/alt/toupper_unicode.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f7274cb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/case_switch/alt/toupper_unicode.c
@@ -0,0 +1,432 @@
+/* This software is licensed by the MIT License, see LICENSE file */
+/*                                Copyright © 2022 Gregory Lirent */
+
+#include "../../build.h"
+
+static unsigned int toupper_latin_extended_a(unsigned int uc) { // 0x0100—0x017f
+
+    if ( ( ( (uc >= 0x0100 && uc <= 0x0137) ||
+             (uc >= 0x014a && uc <= 0x0177) ) &&  (uc&1) ) ||
+         ( ( (uc >= 0x0139 && uc <= 0x0148) ||
+             (uc >= 0x0179 && uc <= 0x017e) ) && !(uc&1) )
+    ) return uc - 1;
+
+    return uc;
+}
+
+static unsigned int toupper_latin_extended_b(unsigned int uc) { // 0x0180—0x024f
+
+  #ifndef LATIN_EXTENDED_B_DISABLE
+    if ( ( ( (uc >= 0x01a0 && uc <= 0x01a5) ||
+             (uc >= 0x01de && uc <= 0x01ef) ||
+             (uc >= 0x01f8 && uc <= 0x01ff) ||
+             (uc >= 0x0200 && uc <= 0x021b) ||
+             (uc >= 0x0222 && uc <= 0x0233) ||
+             (uc >= 0x0246 && uc <= 0x024f) ) &&  (uc&1) ) ||
+         ( ( (uc >= 0x0189 && uc <= 0x0192) ||
+             (uc >= 0x01cd && uc <= 0x01dc) ) && !(uc&1) )
+    ) return uc - 1;
+
+
+    switch (uc) { default: break;
+
+        case 0x01c6:
+        case 0x01c9:
+        case 0x01cc:
+        case 0x01f3: return uc - 2; // or -1
+
+        case 0x0183:
+        case 0x0185:
+        case 0x0188:
+        case 0x0199:
+        case 0x01a7:
+        case 0x01ad:
+        case 0x01b0:
+        case 0x01b4:
+        case 0x01b6:
+        case 0x01b9:
+        case 0x01bd:
+        case 0x01f5:
+        case 0x021d:
+        case 0x021f:
+        case 0x023c:
+        case 0x023d:
+        case 0x0242: return uc - 1;
+
+        case 0x0180: return 0x0243;
+        case 0x0195: return 0x01f6;
+        case 0x019a: return 0x023d;
+        case 0x019e: return 0x0220;
+        case 0x01dd: return 0x018e;
+
+  #ifndef LATIN_EXTENDED_C_DISABLE
+        case 0x023f: return 0x2c7e;
+        case 0x0240: return 0x2c7f;
+  #endif
+    }
+  #endif
+
+    return uc;
+}
+
+static unsigned int toupper_latin_extended_c(unsigned int uc) { // 0x2c60—0x2c7f
+  #ifndef LATIN_EXTENDED_C_DISABLE
+    if ( (uc >= 0x2c67 && uc <= 0x2c6c) && !(uc&1) )
+        return uc - 1;
+
+    switch (uc) { default: break;
+
+        case 0x2c73:
+        case 0x2c61: return uc - 1;
+
+  #ifndef LATIN_EXTENDED_B_DISABLE
+        case 0x2c65: return 0x023a;
+  #endif
+    }
+  #endif
+
+    return uc;
+}
+
+static unsigned int toupper_latin_extended_d(unsigned int uc) { // 0xa720—0xa7ff
+  #ifndef LATIN_EXTENDED_D_DISABLE
+    if ( ( ( (uc >= 0xa796 && uc <= 0xa7a9) ||
+             (uc >= 0xa7b4 && uc <= 0xa7bf) ||
+             (uc >= 0xa722 && uc <= 0xa72f) ||
+             (uc >= 0xa732 && uc <= 0xa76f) ||
+             (uc >= 0xa77e && uc <= 0xa787) ) &&  (uc&1) )
+    ) return uc - 1;
+
+    switch (uc) { default: break;
+        case 0xa7c3:
+        case 0xa7c8:
+        case 0xa7ca:
+        case 0xa791:
+        case 0xa793:
+        case 0xa77a:
+        case 0xa77c: return uc - 1;
+    }
+  #endif
+
+    return uc;
+}
+
+static unsigned int toupper_ipa_extensions(unsigned int uc) { // 0x0250-0x02af
+  #ifndef IPA_EXTENSIONS_DISABLE
+    switch (uc) { default: break;
+  #ifndef LATIN_EXTENDED_B_DISABLE
+        case 0x0259: return 0x01bf;
+        case 0x025b: return 0x0190;
+        case 0x0260: return 0x0193;
+        case 0x0263: return 0x0194;
+        case 0x0269: return 0x0196;
+        case 0x0268: return 0x0197;
+        case 0x026f: return 0x019c;
+        case 0x0272: return 0x019d;
+        case 0x0275: return 0x019f;
+        case 0x0280: return 0x01a6;
+        case 0x0283: return 0x01a9;
+        case 0x0288: return 0x01ae;
+        case 0x028a: return 0x01b1;
+        case 0x028b: return 0x01b2;
+        case 0x0292: return 0x01b7;
+        case 0x02bf: return 0x01f7;
+        case 0x0253: return 0x0181;
+        case 0x0254: return 0x0186;
+        case 0x0289: return 0x0244;
+        case 0x028c: return 0x0245;
+  #endif
+  #ifndef LATIN_EXTENDED_C_DISABLE
+        case 0x0250: return 0x2c6f;
+        case 0x0251: return 0x2c6d;
+        case 0x0252: return 0x2c70;
+        case 0x026b: return 0x2c62;
+        case 0x0271: return 0x2c6e;
+        case 0x027d: return 0x2c64;
+  #endif
+  #ifndef LATIN_EXTENDED_D_DISABLE
+        case 0x025c: return 0xa7ab;
+        case 0x0261: return 0xa7ac;
+        case 0x0265: return 0xa78d;
+        case 0x0266: return 0xa7aa;
+        case 0x026a: return 0xa7ae;
+        case 0x026c: return 0xa7ad;
+        case 0x0287: return 0xa7b1;
+        case 0x029d: return 0xa7b2;
+        case 0x029e: return 0xa7b0;
+  #endif
+  #ifndef LATIN_EXTENDED_ADDITIONAL_DISABLE
+        case 0x00df: return 0x1e9e;
+  #endif
+    }
+  #endif
+
+    return uc;
+}
+
+static unsigned int toupper_latin_extended_additional(unsigned int uc) { // 0x1e00-0x1eff
+  #ifndef LATIN_EXTENDED_ADDITIONAL_DISABLE
+    if ( ( ( (uc >= 0x1e00 && uc <= 0x1e95) ||
+             (uc >= 0x1ea0 && uc <= 0x1eff) ) &&  (uc&1) )
+    ) return uc - 1;
+
+    switch (uc) { default: break;
+        case 0x1e9b: return 0x1e60;
+    }
+  #endif
+
+    return uc;
+}
+
+static unsigned int toupper_greek_and_coptic(unsigned int uc) { //  0x0370-0x03ff
+
+    if ((uc >= 0x03b1 && uc <= 0x03c1) || (uc >= 0x03c4 && uc <= 0x03cb)) {
+        return uc - 0x20;
+    }
+
+    if (uc >= 0x03d8 && uc <= 0x03ef && (uc&1)) {
+        return uc - 1;
+    }
+
+    switch (uc) { default: return uc;
+        case 0x03ad:
+        case 0x03ae:
+        case 0x03af: return uc - 0x25;
+
+        case 0x03cd:
+        case 0x03ce: ++uc;
+        case 0x03cc: return uc - 0x40;
+
+        case 0x037b:
+        case 0x037c:
+        case 0x037d: return uc + 0x82;
+
+        case 0x0371:
+        case 0x0373:
+        case 0x0377:
+        case 0x03f8:
+        case 0x03fb: return uc - 1;
+
+        case 0x03f3: return 0x037f;
+        case 0x03ac: return 0x0386;
+        case 0x03f2: return 0x03f9;
+        case 0x03f0: return 0x039a;
+        case 0x03f1: return 0x03a1;
+        case 0x03f5: return 0x0395;
+        case 0x03c3:
+        case 0x03c2: return 0x03a3;
+    }
+}
+
+static unsigned int toupper_greek_extended(unsigned int uc) { // 0x1f00-0x1fff
+  #ifndef GREEK_EXTENDED_DISABLE
+    if (((uc >= 0x1f00 && uc <= 0x1f6f) || (uc >= 0x1f80 && uc <= 0x1faf)) && !(uc&0x08)) {
+        switch (uc) { default: break;
+            case 0x1f16:
+            case 0x1f17:
+            case 0x1f46:
+            case 0x1f47:
+            case 0x1f50:
+            case 0x1f52:
+            case 0x1f54:
+            case 0x1f56: return uc;
+        }
+        return uc | 0x08;
+    }
+
+    switch (uc) { default: break;
+        case 0x1fbe: return 0x0399;
+
+        case 0x1f70:
+        case 0x1f71: return uc + 0x4a;
+
+        case 0x1f72:
+        case 0x1f73:
+        case 0x1f74:
+        case 0x1f75: return uc + 0x56;
+
+        case 0x1f76:
+        case 0x1f77: return uc + 0x64;
+
+        case 0x1f7a:
+        case 0x1f7b: uc |= 0x10;
+        case 0x1f78:
+        case 0x1f79: return uc | 0x80;
+
+        case 0x1fb0:
+        case 0x1fb1:
+        case 0x1fe0:
+        case 0x1fe1:
+        case 0x1fd0:
+        case 0x1fd1: return uc | 0x08;
+
+        case 0x1f7c:
+        case 0x1f7d: return uc + 0x7e;
+
+        case 0x1fe5: uc -= 2;
+        case 0x1fc3:
+        case 0x1ff3: return uc + 0x09;
+    }
+  #endif
+
+    return uc;
+}
+
+static unsigned int toupper_exclusions(unsigned int uc) {
+
+    switch (uc) { default: break;
+        case 0x04cf: return 0x04c0;
+        case 0x00ff: return 0x0178;
+
+        case 0x10fd: return 0x1cbd;
+        case 0x10fe: return 0x1cbe;
+        case 0x10ff: return 0x1cbf;
+
+  #if !defined(LATIN_EXTENDED_E_DISABLE) && !defined(LATIN_EXTENDED_D_DISABLE)
+        case 0xab53: return 0xa7b3;
+  #endif
+  #ifndef LATIN_EXTENDED_ADDITIONAL_DISABLE
+        case 0x00df: return 0x1e9e;
+  #endif
+  #ifndef PHONETIC_EXTENSIONS_DISABLE
+  #ifndef LATIN_EXTENDED_C_DISABLE
+        case 0x1d7d: return 0x2c63;
+  #endif
+  #ifndef LATIN_EXTENDED_D_DISABLE
+        case 0x1d79: return 0xa77d;
+  #endif
+  #endif
+
+  #ifndef CYRILLIC_EXTENDED_C_DISABLE
+        case 0x1c80: return 0x0412;
+        case 0x1c81: return 0x0414;
+        case 0x1c82: return 0x041e;
+        case 0x1c83: return 0x0421;
+        case 0x1c84: return 0x0422;
+        case 0x1c85: return 0x0422;
+        case 0x1c86: return 0x042a;
+        case 0x1c87: return 0x0462;
+  #ifndef CYRILLIC_EXTENDED_B_DISABLE
+        case 0x1c88: return 0xa64a;
+  #endif
+  #endif
+
+  #ifndef COPTIC_DISABLE
+        case 0x2cf3:
+        case 0x2cec:
+        case 0x2cee: return uc - 1;
+  #endif
+    }
+
+    if (uc >= 0x0460 && uc <= 0x0481 && (uc&1)) { // Cyrillic
+        return uc - 1;
+    }
+
+    if (uc >= 0x048a && uc <= 0x04bf && (uc&1)) { // Cyrillic
+        return uc - 1;
+    }
+
+    if (uc >= 0x04c1 && uc <= 0x04ce && !(uc&1)) { // Cyrillic
+        return uc - 1;
+    }
+
+    if (uc >= 0x04d0 && uc <= 0x04ff && (uc&1)) { // Cyrillic
+        return uc - 1;
+    }
+
+  #ifndef CYRILLIC_SUPLEMENT_DISABLE
+    if (uc >= 0x0500 && uc <= 0x052f && (uc&1)) { // Cyrillic Supplement
+        return uc - 1;
+    }
+  #endif
+  #ifndef CYRILLIC_EXTENDED_B_DISABLE
+    if (uc >= 0xa680 && uc <= 0xa69b && (uc&1)) { // Cyrillic Extended-B
+        return uc - 1;
+    }
+    if (uc >= 0xa640 && uc <= 0xa66d && (uc&1)) { // Cyrillic Extended-B
+        return uc - 1;
+    }
+  #endif
+
+    if (uc >= 0x0561 && uc <= 0x0586) { // Armenian
+        return uc - 0x30;
+    }
+
+    if (uc >= 0x10d0 && uc <= 0x10fa) { // Georgian
+        return uc + 0x0bc0;
+    }
+  #ifndef CHEROKEE_DISABLE
+    if (uc >= 0x13f8 && uc <= 0x13fd) { // Cherokee
+        return uc ^ 0x08;
+    }
+  #endif
+  #ifndef GLAGOLITIC_DISABLE
+    if (uc >= 0x2c30 && uc <= 0x2c5e) { // Glagolitic
+        return uc - 0x30;
+    }
+  #endif
+  #ifndef COPTIC_DISABLE
+    if (uc >= 0x2c80 && uc <= 0x2ce3 && (uc&1)) { // Coptic
+        return uc - 1;
+    }
+  #endif
+  #ifndef GEORGIAN_SUPPLEMENT_DISABLE
+    if ((uc >= 0x2d00 && uc <= 0x2d25) || uc == 0x2d27 || uc == 0x2d2d) { // Georgian Supplement
+        return uc - 0x1c60;
+    }
+  #endif
+  #ifndef CHEROKEE_DISABLE
+    if (uc >= 0xab70 && uc <= 0xabbf) { // Cherokee Supplement
+        return uc - 0x97d0;
+    }
+  #endif
+  #ifndef DESERET_DISABLE
+    if (uc >= 0x10428 && uc <= 0x1044f) { // Deseret
+        return uc - 0x28;
+    }
+  #endif
+  #ifndef OSAGE_DISABLE
+    if (uc >= 0x104d8 && uc <= 0x104fb) { // Osage
+        return uc - 0x28;
+    }
+  #endif
+  #ifndef OLD_HUNGARIAN_DISABLE
+    if (uc >= 0x10cc0 && uc <= 0x10cf2) { // Old Hungarian
+        return uc ^ 0x40;
+    }
+  #endif
+  #ifndef WARANG_CITI_DISABLE
+    if (uc >= 0x118c0 && uc <= 0x118df) { // Warang Citi
+        return uc ^ 0x60;
+    }
+  #endif
+
+    return uc;
+}
+
+unsigned int toupper_unicode2(unsigned int uc) {
+
+    if (uc >= 0x61 && uc <= 0x7a || (uc >= 0xe0 && uc <= 0xfe && uc != 0xf7)) {
+        return uc ^ 0x20;
+    }
+
+    if (uc >= 0x0430 && uc <= 0x044f) { // Cyrillic
+        return uc - 0x20;
+    }
+
+    if (uc >= 0x0450 && uc <= 0x045f) {
+        return uc - 0x50;
+    }
+
+    if (uc >= 0x0370 && uc <= 0x03ff) return toupper_greek_and_coptic(uc);
+    if (uc >= 0x1f00 && uc <= 0x1fff) return toupper_greek_extended(uc);
+
+    if (uc >= 0x0100 && uc <= 0x017f) return toupper_latin_extended_a(uc);
+    if (uc >= 0x0180 && uc <= 0x024f) return toupper_latin_extended_b(uc);
+    if (uc >= 0x2c60 && uc <= 0x2c7f) return toupper_latin_extended_c(uc);
+    if (uc >= 0xa720 && uc <= 0xa7ff) return toupper_latin_extended_d(uc);
+    if (uc >= 0x0250 && uc <= 0x02af) return toupper_ipa_extensions(uc);
+    if (uc >= 0x1e00 && uc <= 0x1eff) return toupper_latin_extended_additional(uc);
+
+    return toupper_exclusions(uc);
+}